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탐색적 요인분석에서 요인의 수 결정하기: SPSS R-MENU를 중심으로

Determining the Number of Factors in Exploratory Factor Analysis: Focusing on SPSS R-MENU

하용수|조은성
한국상품학회 (Korean Academy Of Commodity Science & Technology)|2017.12|상품학연구 (Journal of Product Research)|제35권 제6호|pp. 27-40|DOI 10.36345/kacst.2017.35.6.004

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키워드

탐색적 요인분석exploratory factor analysis평행분석parallel analysis카이저 기준Kaiser criterion
주제분류경영학

초록

탐색적 요인분석에서 요인의 수를 결정할 때에, 아이겐 값이 1보다 큰 요인을 의미 있는 요인으로 결정하는 Kaiser 기준이 가장 흔히 사용되고 있다. 그러나 Kaiser 기준은 요인의 수를 결정할 때 사용될 수 있는 여러 기준들 중에서 가장 부정확한 기준에 불과하다. 요인분석에 대한 방법론적 지식과 실제 관행 사이에 큰 괴리가 존재하는 이유는 두 가지이다. 첫째, Kaiser 기준보다 더 우수한 기법에 대해 설명하는 문헌이 드물다. 둘째, Kaiser 기준보다 더 우수한 기법을 SPSS 등의 통계소프트웨어에서 지원하지 않는다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제점을 해소하기 위해 요인의 수를 결정하기 위해 제안된 여러 기법들을 설명한다. 또한 별도의 프로그래밍 없이도 SPSS에서 이러한 기법들을 실행할 수 있도록 도와주는 SPSS-R 메뉴를 독자들에게 소개한다.

Abstract

When determining the number of factors in exploratory factor analysis, the Kaiser criterion, which determines factors with a value of eigenvalue greater than 1 as a significant factor, is most commonly used. However, the Kaiser criterion is only one of the most inaccurate criteria that can be used to determine the number of factors. There are two major reasons for the gap between methodological knowledge and practice in factor analysis. First, there are little literature describing better techniques than the Kaiser criterion. Second, statistical software such as SPSS does not support better techniques than the Kaiser criterion. This study explains several proposed techniques for determining the number of factors to solve these problems. We also introduce SPSS-R menus to readers to help them implement these techniques without any additional programming.

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