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경고 메시지의 결과 타입이 소비자가 지각한 취약성에 미치는 영향: 중복된 심리적 거리의 조절된 매개효과를 중심으로

Effects of Consequence Types in Warning Messages on Consumers’ Perceived Vulnerability and Moderated Mediation Effects of Multidimensions of Psychological Distances

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주제분류경영학

초록

경고 메시지는 건강 커뮤니케이션에서 중요한 도구이다. 소비자들은 경고 메시지의 제작 방식에 따라 위험의 정도를 다르게 지각한다. 본 연구는 경고 메시지의 강조점에 따라 소비자들의 위험 인식이 어떻게 달라지는지를 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 질병에 관련된 경고 메시지의 결과 타입(사회적 결과와 건강 결과)은 그 메시지에 대한 소비자들의 지각된 심리적 거리를 통하여 지각된 취약성에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구의 목적은 이러한 시간적 거리의 매개효과가 다른 심리적 거리 요인인 공간적 거리와 사회적 거리에 의해서 어떻게 조절되는가를 살펴보는데 있다. 이를 위하여 2회의 실험설계법이 사용되었다. 실험 1은 시간적 거리와 공간적 거리의 조절매개 효과를 살펴보고 실험 2는 시간적 거리와 사회적 거리의 조절매개효과를 살펴보았다. 실험 결과에 따르면 다른 심리적 거리가 포함되지 않았을 경우에는 결과 타입과 취약성 지각 사이에서의 시간적 거리의 매개효과가 발견되었다. 그러나 공간적 거리나 사회적 거리가 분석에 포함되었을 경우에는 그 시간적 거리의 매개효과는 공간적 거리나 사회적 거리가 가까울 경우에만 발생하고 먼 경우에는 발생하지 않았다. 즉 시간적 거리의 매개효과는 다른 심리적 거리에 의해서 조절된다는 것을 의미하고 이들 심리적 거리 중 하나라도 먼 경우에는 소비자들의 취약성 지각이 낮음을 알 수 있었다.

Abstract

Warning messages are very important in health communication. Depending on how the warning message is produced, the level of perceived risk varies. Therefore, this study conduct two experiments in order to raise risk perception of the contents emphasized in the warning messages. This study analyzed the effect of the consequence type (social consequence and health consequence) of the warning message related to the health outcome on perceived vulnerability and verified that the perceived temporal distance mediates effect of the consequence types in the warning message on the perceived vulnerability. This study also examined how the two dimensions of the psychological distance (spatial distance, social distance) moderates the mediation effect of the temporal distance. According to the experimental results, the consequence type of the warning message affects the perceived vulnerability of consumers through the perceived temporal distance if we do not have any other psychological distances. However, if we have another psychological distance, the mediating effect of temporal distance appears only when the other psychological distance is proximal. In other words, when temporal distance and spatial distance are both proximal, consumers’ perceived vulnerability is higher than when either or both dimensions are distal. Also, if any psychological distance is distal consumer shows similar level of perceived vulnerability. Likewise, we can also find this moderated mediation effect between temporal distance and social distance. If any distance is distal consumers’ perceived vulnerability is lower than when both distance are proximal.

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