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Privatization of Buddhism in the Choson Dynasty

돈 베이커
동아시아학술원 (The Academy of East Asian Studies)|2014.10|Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies|제14권 제2호|pp. 153-169|DOI 10.21866/esjeas.2014.14.2.001

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참고문헌

키워드

BuddhismNeo-Confucianismritualsroyal familytemplesmonkspersecution
주제분류학제간연구

초록

The common assumption that Buddhism was persecuted throughout the Choson dynasty needs to be re-examined. Buddhists were not killed simply because they were Buddhists. State support for Buddhism was reduced but that resulted in the privatization of Buddhism, not its prohibition. Buddhism became a private Matter rather than a state project. Buddhist writings continued to be published. Temples, including temples supported by the royal family, continued to operate. And a small portion of the adult male population lived openly as monks, and occasionally interacted on friendly terms with Confucian scholar-officials. Instead of trying to eliminate those monks, the state instead utilized their labor for defense and handicraft production. Moreover, laypeople were allowed to provide support to monasteries and their inhabitants. The Choson state kept Buddhism under government control but did not engage in the sort of persecution it later engaged in against Catholics. Regulation is not persecution.

Abstract

The common assumption that Buddhism was persecuted throughout the Choson dynasty needs to be re-examined. Buddhists were not killed simply because they were Buddhists. State support for Buddhism was reduced but that resulted in the privatization of Buddhism, not its prohibition. Buddhism became a private Matter rather than a state project. Buddhist writings continued to be published. Temples, including temples supported by the royal family, continued to operate. And a small portion of the adult male population lived openly as monks, and occasionally interacted on friendly terms with Confucian scholar-officials. Instead of trying to eliminate those monks, the state instead utilized their labor for defense and handicraft production. Moreover, laypeople were allowed to provide support to monasteries and their inhabitants. The Choson state kept Buddhism under government control but did not engage in the sort of persecution it later engaged in against Catholics. Regulation is not persecution.

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