온도가 스쿠티카충 Miamiensis avidus의 증식과 넙치에 감염시 폐사에 미치는 영향
The effect of temperature to scuticociliatida Miamiensis avidus proliferation, and to mortality of infected olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus
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참고문헌
초록
본 연구는 양식넙치에 높은 폐사율과 성장저하를 일으키는 스쿠티카섬모충 Miamiensis avidus (syn. Philasterides dicentrarchi)의 성장과 병원성에 미치는 온도의 영향을 알아보았다. in vitro 배양조건에서 이분열에 걸리는 시간은 5℃ 에서 61.82시간, 10℃에서 26.32시간, 15℃에서 21.14시간, 20℃에서 16.86시간 그리고 25℃에서는 16.21시간이었다. 최고로 배양 가능한 충수는 1.54~1.75 × 10⁵/ ml의 범위로 10℃이상의 모든 온도범위에서 유사했다. 넙치(평균 8.34 cm, 4.33 g)마리당 1×10²/ ul, 1×10³/ ul, 1×10⁴/ ul 과 1×10⁵/ ul 으로 스쿠티카충을 복강에 감염시킨 후 10℃, 15℃와 20℃에서 사육하면서 폐사를 관찰하는 실험을 2회 실시한 결과, 수온 10℃에서는 폐사가 현저히 낮았고 온도가 높아질수록 폐사가 증가하였다. 또한 감염농도가 높아질수록 폐사는 증가하였다. 그러므로 스쿠티카섬모충 M. avidus는 온도가 높을수록 증식이 잘 되며 또한 수온이 높아질수록 온도의존적으로 폐사가 증가하므로 폐사를 경감시키기 위해서는 고수온기의 수온관리가 중요한 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
Scuticociliates Miamiensis avidus (syn. Philasterides dicentrarchi) causes high mortality and bad growth in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Temperature is an important factor not only for growth of pathogens but also for host immune system in poikilothermal animal. In this study, temperature affecting ciliate growth and pathogenicity against olive flounder were examined. Doubling time for the ciliate growth was 61.82 hours at 5℃, 26.32 hours at 10℃, 21.14 hours at 15℃, 16.86 hours 20℃ and 16.21 hours at 25℃. Maximum ciliate numbers were similar at 10~20℃ at the range of 1.54~1.75×10⁵/ ml. Duplicated intraperitoneal injections were conducted with the ciliates by the concentrations of 1×10², 1×10³, 1×10⁴ and 1×10⁵/ fish (average 8.34 cm, 4.33 g) then kept at 10℃, 15℃ and 20℃. Cumulative mortality was low at 10℃ and the mortality was increasing at higher water temperatures. In addition, cumulative mortality was higher at higher dose of infections. In conclusion, Scuticocilite M. avidus grew well at higher temperature (at 5℃, 10℃, 15℃ and 25℃) in vitro, and olive flounder mortality due to M. avidus was highly water temperature and dose dependent. The results of this study suggest that water temperature control may one of the essential factor to reduce mortality due to M. avidus infection.
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