사회불안장애의 QT dispersion 연구
Higher QT dispersion in patients with social anxiety disorder
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
초록
Objectives Social phobia is frequently accompanied with autonomic nerve system symptoms. QT dispersion(QTd) is the maximum inter-lead difference in QT interval, an indicator of the autonomic nerve system(ANS) disparity of the heart itself. The objective of this study is to investigate the ANS disparity, which is measured by QTd, is associated with pathophysiology of social phobia. Methods This research have compared QT dispersion of 25 physically healthy social phobia outpatients(16 men, 9 women, the average age 35.5±12.9) and age and sex matched control group of mentally and physically healthy 25 volunteers(16 men, 9 women, the average age 34.83±12.7). QT dispersion was measured by previously described method. Results QT dispersion(QTd) and rate-corrected QT dispersion(QTcd) were significantly higher on the patients group than control group(QTd (patients vs. controls: 52.60±27.63ms vs. 27.53±14.29ms, P < 0.0001), QTcd (patients vs. controls: 55.79±27.98 ms vs. 29.10±14.24 ms, P< 0.0001)). Conclusions Our study showed that the patients with social phobia have higher QT dispersion than normal controls. These results suggest that the ANS disparity, which is measured by QTd, is associated with pathophysiology of social phobia.
Abstract
Objectives Social phobia is frequently accompanied with autonomic nerve system symptoms. QT dispersion(QTd) is the maximum inter-lead difference in QT interval, an indicator of the autonomic nerve system(ANS) disparity of the heart itself. The objective of this study is to investigate the ANS disparity, which is measured by QTd, is associated with pathophysiology of social phobia. Methods This research have compared QT dispersion of 25 physically healthy social phobia outpatients(16 men, 9 women, the average age 35.5±12.9) and age and sex matched control group of mentally and physically healthy 25 volunteers(16 men, 9 women, the average age 34.83±12.7). QT dispersion was measured by previously described method. Results QT dispersion(QTd) and rate-corrected QT dispersion(QTcd) were significantly higher on the patients group than control group(QTd (patients vs. controls: 52.60±27.63ms vs. 27.53±14.29ms, P < 0.0001), QTcd (patients vs. controls: 55.79±27.98 ms vs. 29.10±14.24 ms, P< 0.0001)). Conclusions Our study showed that the patients with social phobia have higher QT dispersion than normal controls. These results suggest that the ANS disparity, which is measured by QTd, is associated with pathophysiology of social phobia.
참고문헌 (27)
- American Psychiatric Association, "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (1984), American Psychiatric Press
- Stein MB, "Social phobia clinical and research perspectives", pp.19~ (1995), American Psychiatric Press
- Stein MB, "Disability and quality of life in social phobia: epidemiologic findings", Am J Psychiatry, 157, pp.1606~1613 (2000)
- Stein MB, "An epidemiologic perspective on social anxiety disorder", J Clin Psychiatry, 67, pp.3~8 (2006)
- Kessler RC, "Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States in Results from the National Comorbidity Survey", Arch Gen Psychiatry, 51, pp.8~19 (1994)
- McTeague LM, "Fearful imagery in social phobia: generalization, comorbidity, and physiological reactivity", Biol Psychiatry, 65, pp.374~382 (2009)
- Stein MB, "Autonomic responsivity in generalized social phobia", J Affect Disord, 31, pp.211~221 (1994)
- Papp LA, "Epinephrine infusions in patients with social phobia", Am J Psychiatry, 145, pp.733~736 (1988)
- Stein MB, "Heart rate and plasma norepinephrine responsivity to orthostatic challenge in anxiety disorders. Comparison of patients with panic disorder and social phobia and normal control subjects", Arch Gen Psychiatry, 49, pp.311~317 (1992)
- Higham PD, "QT dispersion", Br Heart J, 71, pp.508~510 (1994)
- Nakagawa M, "Evaluation of autonomic influences on QT dispersion using the head-up tilt test in healthy subjects", Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 22, pp.1158~1163 (1999)
- Savelieva I, "Relation of ventricular repolarization to cardiac cycle length in normal subjects, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and patients with myocardial infarction", Clin Cardiol, 22, pp.649~654 (1999)
- van de Loo A, "Variability of QT dispersion measurements in the surface electrocardiogram in patients with acute myocardial infarction and in normal subjects", Am J Cardiol, 74, pp.1113~1118 (1994)
- Roukema G, "Effect of exercise-induced ischemia on QT interval dispersion", Am Heart J, 135, pp.88~92 (1998)
- Statters DJ, "QT dispersion: problems of methodology and clinical significance", J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 5, pp.672~685 (1994)
- Anastasiou-Nana MI, "Relation of dispersion of QRS and QT in patients with advanced congestive heart failure to cardiac and sudden death mortality", Am J Cardiol, 85, pp.1212~1217 (2000)
- Cuddy TE, "QT dispersion and heart rate predict the risk of sudden unexpected cardiac death in men: the Manitoba Follow-Up Study", Prev Cardiol, 12, pp.27~33 (2009)
- Day CP, "QT dispersion: an indication of arrhythmia risk in patients with long QT intervals", Br Heart J, 63, pp.342~344 (1990)
- Manttari M, "QT dispersion as a risk factor for sudden cardiac death and fatal myocardial infarction in a coronary risk population", Heart, 78, pp.268~272 (1997)
- Mulay DV, "QT dispersion and early arrhythmic risk in acute myocardial infarction", Indian Heart J, 56, pp.636~641 (2004)
- Nahshoni E, "QT dispersion in the surface electrocardiogram in elderly patients with major depression", J Affect Disord, 60, pp.197~200 (2000)
- Nahshoni E, "QT dispersion in patients with social phobia", J Affect Disord, 78, pp.21~26 (2004)
- Sheehan DV, "The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10", J Clin Psychiatry, 59, pp.22~33 (1998)
- Bazett HC, "An analysis of the time relations of electrocardiograms", pp.353~370 (1920)
- Piccirillo G, "QT interval dispersion and autonomic modulation in subjects with anxiety", J Lab Clin Med, 133, pp.461~468 (1999)
- Holt CS, "Avoidant personality disorder and the generalized subtype of social phobia", J Abnorm Psychol, 101, pp.318~325 (1992)
- Bilan A, "Circadian rhythm of the QT interval dispersion in healthy subjects. Correlation with heart rate variability circadian pattern", J Electrocardiol, 38, pp.36~42 (2005)