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조현병 환자의 유병기간에 따른 강박증상

Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Relation to Duration of Schizophrenia

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참고문헌

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주제분류정신과학

초록

조현병 환자에서 강박증상의 발현 정도는 연구자들에 따라다양하게 발표되고 있으며,1) 이 질환에서 보이는 망상이나이상행동을 강박장애의 증상과 구분하기도 매우 어려운 것으로 보고되고 있다.2) Hong3)의 국내 역학조사에서, 일반 인구에 있어 강박장애 평생 유병률은 0.6%였고, 조현병 환자에서는 약 20~30%의 환자에서 강박장애나 강박증상을 보이는것으로 발표하였다.4)5) 또한 조현병의 심각도와 강박증상과의 연관성에 대한 연구들에서 대체적으로 조현병 환자에서 강박증상이 동반되면정신병적 증상이 보다 심각한 양상을 나타낸다. 한편 대인관계와 사회활동의 적응에도 보다 뚜렷한 어려움을 보이는 것으로 되어 있다.6)7) 이에 더하여 발표된 연구들에 의하면 조현병 환자에서 동반되어 나타나는 강박증상은 조현병의 병기(illness stage)에 따른 발현 정도와 증상의 심각도 및 조현병증상의 심각도 및 예후와의 연관을 보이는 것으로 발표되고있다.8) 조현병에 동반된 강박증상과 우울, 불안증상에 대한 연구들에서, 초발 조현병 환자에서 강박증상이 동반되면 심각한우울증상을 보였다.9) 이어 강박증상을 가진 조현병 환자가 스트레스 회피성 우울증상을 보인다는 연구,10) 강박장애 환자가우울, 불안, 낮은 삶의 질을 가진다는 연구11)는 강박증상과 우울, 불안증상, 삶의 질과의 관계를 지적하고 있다. 항정신병 약제와 강박증상의 관련성에 대한 보고로서 비정형 항정신병 약제가 새롭게 강박증상을 일으킨다는 연구,12) 특정 항정신병 약제가 강박증상을 줄이는 데 효과가 있다는연구13)가 있다. 따라서 저자들은 이러한 조현병 환자들을 대상으로 이뤄진 임상관찰과 앞서의 연구들을 근간으로 조현병 이환기간에따른 강박증상의 심각도 및 강박증상 동반 유무에 따른 임상적 특징, 조현병 증상의 심각도, 불안·우울 증상, 삶의 질 등의 차이를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다.

Abstract

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychopathological features such as depression and anxiety in schizophrenics with obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) as well as the severity of OCS according to duration of schizophrenia. Methods : We randomly selected sixty four inpatients with schizophrenia. We classified the patients into two groups (OCS group, non-OCS group) according to the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). Clinical and demographic features were evaluated. To assess OCS, Y-BOCS were performed. The Korean version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(K-PANSS), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Korean version of the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (K-CDSS), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) were conducted. Independent t-test and chi-square test were conducted to compare the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between the duration of schizophrenia and the Y-BOCS score. Results : The Y-BOCS, K-CDSS, and BAI scores were higher in the OCS group. There was a significant correlation between the duration of schizophrenia and the Y-BOCS score. Conclusions : Anxiety and depression symptoms were severe in the OCS group. In addition, the results of this study indicate that the longer duration of schizophrenia, the more severe the OCS. Therefore, the evaluation of OCS in schizophrenics should be accompanied by treatment intervention.

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