Analyzing Fluency Factors Across Speaking Proficiency Levels and Gender Among Korean English Speakers
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Recent studies on second language acquisition indicate that various metrics—speed, breakdown, repair, and composite measures—effectively evaluate fluency and correlate with proficiency. However, existing research does not sufficiently identify which metrics most accurately depict fluency at distinct proficiency levels or differentiate among these levels. This study examined the fluency of 187 monologues, assigned across five proficiency levels (A1–C1, according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages), using the software Praat to analyze aspects of utterance fluency. The findings reveal that the composite measures most accurately predict proficiency levels. Additionally, an analysis of gender differences in speed showed that males spoke faster than females, with significant statistical differences noted. These results suggest that a thorough analysis of fluency metrics provides a more dependable understanding of the concept and its association with proficiency assessments.
Abstract
Recent studies on second language acquisition indicate that various metrics—speed, breakdown, repair, and composite measures—effectively evaluate fluency and correlate with proficiency. However, existing research does not sufficiently identify which metrics most accurately depict fluency at distinct proficiency levels or differentiate among these levels. This study examined the fluency of 187 monologues, assigned across five proficiency levels (A1–C1, according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages), using the software Praat to analyze aspects of utterance fluency. The findings reveal that the composite measures most accurately predict proficiency levels. Additionally, an analysis of gender differences in speed showed that males spoke faster than females, with significant statistical differences noted. These results suggest that a thorough analysis of fluency metrics provides a more dependable understanding of the concept and its association with proficiency assessments.
참고문헌 (27)
- "Praat: Doing phonetics by computer" (2011)[URL]
- Bosker, H. R., "What makes speech sound fluent? The contributions of pauses, speed and repairs", Language Testing, 30(2), pp.159~175 (2013)[DOI]
- De Jong, N. H., "PRAAT scripts to measure speed fluency and breakdown fluency in speech automatically. Assessment in Education : Principles", Policy & Practice, 28(4), pp.456~476 (2021)[DOI]
- De Jong, N. H., "Fluency training in the ESL classroom : An experimental study of fluency development and proceduralization", Language Learning, 61(2), pp.533~568 (2011)[DOI]
- Dewaele, J. M, "How to measure formality of speech? A model of synchronic variation", Jyväskylä Cross-Language Studies, 17, pp.119~133 (1996)
- Ejzenberg, R., "Perspectives on fluency" (2000), University of Michigan
- Fillmore, C. J., "On fluency. In Individual differences in language ability and language behavior", pp.85~101 (1979), Academic Press
- Foster, P., "Oral fluency in a second language : A research agenda for the next ten years", Language Teaching, 53(4), pp.446~461 (2020)[DOI]
- Fulcher, G., "Testing second language speaking" (2014), Routledge
- van Gelderen, A., "Prediction of global ratings of fluency and delivery in narrative discourse by linguistic and phonetic measures-oral performances of students aged 11-12 years", Language Testing, 11(3), pp.291~319 (1994)[DOI]
- Hunter, A. M., "Fluency development in the ESL classroom: The impact of immediate task repetition and procedural repetition on learners’ oral fluency", doctor, pp.2017
- Kormos, J., "Speech production and second language acquisition" (2006), Routledge
- Kormos, J., "Exploring measures and perceptions of fluency in the speech of second language learners", System, 32(2), pp.145~164 (2004)[DOI]
- Lennon, P., "Investigating fluency in EFL : A quantitative approach", Language learning, 40(3), pp.387~417 (1990)[DOI]
- Lim, I., "Korean adult English learners’ perceptions of the common grammatical features of English as a lingua franca", Journal of Asia TEFL, 16(3), pp.876~893 (2019)[DOI]
- Olkkonen, S., "Fluency profiles in L2 monologue production : The role of underlying cognitive factors", AFinLA-teema, 17, pp.167~190 (2024)[DOI]
- Park, S., "Impact of individual factors on perception and production of onset clusters by Korean speakers", Korean Journal of Applied Linguistics, 34(2), pp.75~94 (2018)[DOI]
- Schmid, M. S., "Disfluency markers in L1 attrition", Language Learning, 60(4), pp.753~791 (2010)[DOI]
- Segalowitz, N., "Cognitive bases of second language fluency" (2010), Routledge
- Segalowitz, N., "What features best characterize adult second language utterance fluency and what do they reveal about fluency gains in short-term immersion", Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 20(2), pp.90~116 (2017)[DOI]
- Skehan, P., "Task-based instruction", Language Teaching, 36(1), pp.1~14 (2003)[DOI]
- Skehan, P., "Limited attentional capacity, second language performance, and task-based pedagogy", Processing Perspectives on Task Performance, 211, pp.211~260 (2014)[DOI]
- Suzuki, S., "The multidimensionality of second language oral fluency : Interfacing cognitive fluency and utterance fluency", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 45(1), pp.38~64 (2023)[DOI]
- Tavakoli, P., "Aspects of fluency across assessed levels of speaking proficiency", The Modern Language Journal, 104(1), pp.169~191 (2020)[DOI]
- Won, M., "The development of English speaking fluency through oral presentation in EFL context", The Journal of Linguistic Science, 75, pp.205~230 (2015)
- Yoon, K., "Korean high school students’ English speaking fluency", Doctor, pp.2022
- Yoon, S., "Learner corpus : Collection and application of the English part of Incheon National University Multi-language Learner Corpus(INU-MULC)", Applied Linguistics, 38(4), pp.33~58 (2022)[DOI]