창업자의 기업가정신과 환경인식이 경영성과에 미치는 영향: 대구의 창업기와 성장기 기업의 비교
The Effects of Entrepreneur's Entrepreneurship and Environmental Awareness on Business Performance : Comparison of Founding and Growing Companies in Daegu
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초록
본 연구는 창업단계별 창업자의 환경인식과 기업가 정신이 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 특히, 창업단계를 창업기와 성장기로 구분하여 기업가정신과 환경인식이 경영성과에 미치는 영향의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구는 2018년에 대구지역의 창업 기업을 중심으로 대구창조경제혁신센타에서 실시한 창업기업실태조사의 자료를 이용하여 창업자가 지각하는 환경에 대한 인식, 기업가정신, 경영성과의 구조적 관계를 연구하였다. 이를 위해 먼저, 문헌연구를 통하여 변수를 정의하고 연구모형과 가설을 제시하였다. 요인분석과 신뢰성과 타당성 검토를 수행하고 구조방정식 모형분석을 통해 가설을 검증하였다. 검증결과 혁신성의 경영성과에 대한 영향은 기각 되었고 나머지 위험감수성, 시장환경, 제품환경의 경영성과에 대한 영향은 채택되었다. 기업가정신에 해당하는 혁신성과 위험감수성의 경우 창업기의 기업에서 더 강한 영향이 나타났고 창업가의 환경인식에 해당하는 시장환경과 제품환경의 경우 성장기의 기업에서 더 강한 경영성과에의 영향을 미친다는 결과가 나왔다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 기업의 창업단계에 따른 환경변화에 대한 인식과 기업가정신의 중요성과 필요성을 설명하였고, 확산되어야 함을 강조하였다.
Abstract
This study studied the effects of founder's environmental awareness and entrepreneurship on business performance by stage of startup. In particular, the start-up phase was divided into start-up and growth phases to verify the moderating effects of entrepreneurship and environmental awareness on business performance. This study examines the structural relationship between the founder's perception of the environment, entrepreneurship, and business performance by using data from the Start-up Enterprise Survey conducted by the Daegu Creative Economy Innovation Center in 2018. For this purpose, variables were first defined through literature studies and research models and hypotheses were presented. Factor analysis, reliability and feasibility study were conducted, and the hypothesis was verified through structural equation model analysis. As a result of the verification, the impact of innovative performance on business performance was rejected, and the impact on the risk performance, market environment, and product environment on business performance was adopted. Innovativeness and risk-sensitiveness, which are entrepreneurship, have a stronger impact on the companies in the founding period, and market and product environments, which correspond to the environmental awareness of the entrepreneurs, have a stronger impact on the company's growth performance. Based on these results, this study explained the importance and necessity of entrepreneurship as well as the perception of environmental change according to the stage of business establishment.
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