주체성 및 공존성에 따른 한국인의 주요 가치관 탐색: 20대와 50대 간의 차이를 중심으로
Exploring Agentic and Communal Values of Koreans in their 20s and 50s
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초록
본 연구는 주체성과 공존성의 두 차원으로 한국인 20대(n = 228)와 50대(n = 213)의 주요 가치관을 탐색했다. 연구는 먼저 두 세대가 현재 중시하는 가치를 측정한 후, 각 세대에게 상대 세대가 현재 중시하는 것 같은 가치를 질문하였다. 추가로 20대는 자신이 미래 50대에 중시할 것 같은 가치를, 50대는 과거 20대에 중시했던 가치를 나타내었다. 또한 연구는 자아존중감과 삶의 만족도를 질문하여 현재 주체적 가치와 공존적 가치가 그들의 자아존중감과 삶의 만족도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하고자 했다. 연구 결과, 20대는 현재 상대적으로 주체적 가치를, 50대는 공존적 가치를 중시하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 두 세대는 서로 상대 세대가 현재 주체적 가치를 중시하지만, 공존적 가치는 중요시하지 않는다고 지각하는 경향이 발견됐다. 게다가, 20대가 미래 50대에 추구할 가치는 현재 50대와 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 50대가 과거 20대에 추구했던 가치 역시 현재 20대와 크게 다르지 않다는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 20대는 현재 공존적 가치가 그들의 자아존중감과 삶의 만족도에 모두 정적으로 영향을 미치지만, 50대는 현재 주체적 가치가 그들의 삶의 만족도에만 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의와 한계를 논의하였으며, 향후 연구에 관해서도 제언하였다.
Abstract
This study examined the differences in values between Koreans in their 20s(n = 228) and 50s(n = 213) in two dimensions: agency and communion. We investigated the present values of each generation, and then asked each generation what values the other generation currently seemed to pursue. In addition, those in their 20s indicated the values that they would pursue in their future 50s, and those in their 50s rated the values that they had pursued in their past 20s. We also asked participants about self-esteem and life satisfaction to see how each generation's current agentic and communal values might affect their self-esteem and life satisfaction. Results showed that those in their 20s were relatively more concerned about agentic values, while those in their 50s placed more importance on communal values. However, both generations perceived that the other generation currently held more agentic but less communal values. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the values pursued by the current 20s and those by the 50s in their past 20s. The same was true between the values pursued by the current 50s and those by the 20s in their future 50s. Finally, communal values had a positive relationship with self-esteem and life satisfaction for those in their 20s, but for those in their 50s, agentic values were only related to better life satisfaction. Implications and limitations of the study were discussed, and suggestions for future studies were made.
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