Biopower and the Contemporary Novel : Writing the Objectification of the Animal
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The goal of my article is to show how literary writing tackles the question, aspreviously developed in philosophy, of biopower and the contemporary objectificationof animals. It will demonstrate the linguistic tools that literary works employ to discussthe relationship between animal suffering and dehumanization as well as the end of themulti-millennia link between domestication and human evolution. These themes have a great literary tradition in the United States and in Europe, seenthrough social and political novels written by Upton Sinclair, Georges Duhamel, andAlfred Döblin who, in the first half of the century, turn their focus to assembly lineslaughterhouses and the transformation of the living into food for mass consumption;French Humanists of the 19th century, from Victor Hugo to Émile Zola, have alsotackled this question. Contemporary novelists take note of a radicalization of theanthropozoological divide and of a disappearance of the community that men andanimals have been forming since the Neolithic period. They suggest that this collapseaffects not only the body of animals and men, but also language itself, seen mostprominently through linguistic standardization and the naming of animals. Industrialfarming is thus a social phenomenon that has become a legitimate literary motif and anindicator of a disturbance of everyday language and identities. Under this pretext, wewill examine which stylistic and typographical procedures authors use when attemptingto restore precision and performativity to language.
Abstract
The goal of my article is to show how literary writing tackles the question, aspreviously developed in philosophy, of biopower and the contemporary objectificationof animals. It will demonstrate the linguistic tools that literary works employ to discussthe relationship between animal suffering and dehumanization as well as the end of themulti-millennia link between domestication and human evolution. These themes have a great literary tradition in the United States and in Europe, seenthrough social and political novels written by Upton Sinclair, Georges Duhamel, andAlfred Döblin who, in the first half of the century, turn their focus to assembly lineslaughterhouses and the transformation of the living into food for mass consumption;French Humanists of the 19th century, from Victor Hugo to Émile Zola, have alsotackled this question. Contemporary novelists take note of a radicalization of theanthropozoological divide and of a disappearance of the community that men andanimals have been forming since the Neolithic period. They suggest that this collapseaffects not only the body of animals and men, but also language itself, seen mostprominently through linguistic standardization and the naming of animals. Industrialfarming is thus a social phenomenon that has become a legitimate literary motif and anindicator of a disturbance of everyday language and identities. Under this pretext, wewill examine which stylistic and typographical procedures authors use when attemptingto restore precision and performativity to language.
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