흑색 글쓰기와 불온한 경계들의 균열: 아파르트헤이트와 루이스 응코시의 『짝짓는 새들』
Black Writings and the Cracking of Disquieting Boundaries: Apartheid and Lewis Nkosi’s Mating Birds
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Lewis Nkosi’s novel Mating Birds is a highly controversial work, particularly as it deals with the rape of a white woman by a black man in Apartheid South Africa. The novel has garnered not quite as much attention at home or abroad as it might have, due to the academy’s focus on white writers such as Nadine Gordimer and J. M. Coetzee. This paper makes use of Frantz Fanon’s theories in examining Nkosi’s Mating Birds in the context of the hegemony of white writing in South Africa, and the need to understand black literature as properly complementary to white work. In so doing, it attempts to obtain a clear and undistorted picture of the South African literary world. First, the paper investigates how racial Manichaeism works and how it constitutes the novel’s the morbid world. Specifically, it shows how white men drive Sibiya toward destruction, reducing “the Negro” to the genitals and just generally practicing the Negrophobia that Fanon had identified in his work. Second, this paper seeks to find, through analyses of several key characters including Sibiya and his mother, the answer to Fanon’s question, “What does the black man want?” in order to explain the internalization of both the black inferiority and the white oppressor’s superiority. The paper concludes by showing how Sibiya comes to realize the extent of South Africa’s racial problems and how he causes a crack in the racial boundaries that had been erected by the Apartheid regime in order to separate and rule “the colored.” Overall, the present work seeks to grasp Sibiya’s change of perspective (which occurs while working on a memoir and testifying in court) in framing Sibiya’s speaking and writing as an act of resistance and confirming, thereby, the significant import of black South African writings.
Abstract
Lewis Nkosi’s novel Mating Birds is a highly controversial work, particularly as it deals with the rape of a white woman by a black man in Apartheid South Africa. The novel has garnered not quite as much attention at home or abroad as it might have, due to the academy’s focus on white writers such as Nadine Gordimer and J. M. Coetzee. This paper makes use of Frantz Fanon’s theories in examining Nkosi’s Mating Birds in the context of the hegemony of white writing in South Africa, and the need to understand black literature as properly complementary to white work. In so doing, it attempts to obtain a clear and undistorted picture of the South African literary world. First, the paper investigates how racial Manichaeism works and how it constitutes the novel’s the morbid world. Specifically, it shows how white men drive Sibiya toward destruction, reducing “the Negro” to the genitals and just generally practicing the Negrophobia that Fanon had identified in his work. Second, this paper seeks to find, through analyses of several key characters including Sibiya and his mother, the answer to Fanon’s question, “What does the black man want?” in order to explain the internalization of both the black inferiority and the white oppressor’s superiority. The paper concludes by showing how Sibiya comes to realize the extent of South Africa’s racial problems and how he causes a crack in the racial boundaries that had been erected by the Apartheid regime in order to separate and rule “the colored.” Overall, the present work seeks to grasp Sibiya’s change of perspective (which occurs while working on a memoir and testifying in court) in framing Sibiya’s speaking and writing as an act of resistance and confirming, thereby, the significant import of black South African writings.
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