LIBERATED BY OPPRESSION: LITERARY REFLECTIONS OF COLONIAL KOREA BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Many mistakenly posit the presently close relations between Korea and the United States as having begun with Japan’s surrender in 1945. The alliance exists to this day, and there are still many who can scarcely imagine a Korean peninsula without U.S. military forces present. The curious triangle of Korean-U.S.-Japanese relations, however, began much earlier. A forced treaty with Japan in 1876 was the first attempt to coerce Korea away from the traditional East Asian world order, while a treaty of “amity and commerce” with America in 1882 represented a more autonomous move toward a new global configuration. With annexation in 1910, the first battle lines had been drawn: Japan had betrayed Korea and America represented the best hope for salvation. And this was more than historical reality; it also clearly manifest itself in works of early modern Korean fiction, which reveal a naïve optimism regarding America’s role in Korea’s mod-ernization and rescue. With the failure of America, however, to come to Korea’s aid during the independence movement of March 1, 1919, there came a turning away from the U.S. and to Japan. The U.S., once the promised land, became a wasteland, while Japan came to fill the vacated position of redeemer. From the 1920s, we see a systematic dismantling of America’s privileged position and a concomitant acceptance of the reality of Japanese hegemony. Ironically, however, Japanese oppression and American silence liberated Koreans psychologically from the naïve fantasy of U.S. salvation, even as they politically drove them further toward subjugation and assimilation.
Abstract
Many mistakenly posit the presently close relations between Korea and the United States as having begun with Japan’s surrender in 1945. The alliance exists to this day, and there are still many who can scarcely imagine a Korean peninsula without U.S. military forces present. The curious triangle of Korean-U.S.-Japanese relations, however, began much earlier. A forced treaty with Japan in 1876 was the first attempt to coerce Korea away from the traditional East Asian world order, while a treaty of “amity and commerce” with America in 1882 represented a more autonomous move toward a new global configuration. With annexation in 1910, the first battle lines had been drawn: Japan had betrayed Korea and America represented the best hope for salvation. And this was more than historical reality; it also clearly manifest itself in works of early modern Korean fiction, which reveal a naïve optimism regarding America’s role in Korea’s mod-ernization and rescue. With the failure of America, however, to come to Korea’s aid during the independence movement of March 1, 1919, there came a turning away from the U.S. and to Japan. The U.S., once the promised land, became a wasteland, while Japan came to fill the vacated position of redeemer. From the 1920s, we see a systematic dismantling of America’s privileged position and a concomitant acceptance of the reality of Japanese hegemony. Ironically, however, Japanese oppression and American silence liberated Koreans psychologically from the naïve fantasy of U.S. salvation, even as they politically drove them further toward subjugation and assimilation.
참고문헌 (37)
- Baldwin, Frank, "The March First Movement: Korean Challenge, Japanese Response" (1969), Columbia University
- Baldwin, Frank, "Participatory Anti-Imperialism: The 1919 Independence Movement", Journal of Korean Studies, 1, pp.123~162 (1919)
- Caprio, Mark E., "Japanese Assimilation Policies in Colonial Korea: 1910–1945" (2009), University of Washington Press
- Choi, Myung Keun, "Asian Thought and Culture: Changes in Korean Society between 1884–1910 as a Result of the Introduction of Christianity" (1997), Peter Lang
- Chŏn Kwangyong, "Sin sosŏl yŏn’gu" (1986), Saemunsa
- Chung, Chong-hwa, "Korean Classical Literature : An Anthology" (1989), Keegan Paul International
- Craig, Albert M, "Civilization and Enlightenment : the Early Thought of Fukuzawa Yukichi" (2009), Harvard University Press
- Dongguk University Korean Literature Institute, "Han’guk munhak kwa kŭndae ŭisik : 1920–30 yŏndae munhak yŏn’gu" (2001), Ihoe munhwasa
- Eckert, Carter J, "Offspring of Empire : The Koch’ang Kims and the Colonial Origins of Korean Capitalism, 1876–1945" (1991), University of Washington Press
- Finch, Michael, "Min Yong-hwan : A Political Biography" (2002), University of Hawai‘i Press
- Fukuzawa Yukichi, "The Autobiography of Yukichi Fukuzawa" (2007), Columbia University Press
- Jinno Yuki, "The birth of hobbies: Taste produced by the department store" (1994), Keiso Shobo
- Kim Chŏl, "Paro chabŭn Mujŏng" (2004), Munhak tongne
- Kim, Key-Hiuk, "The Last Phase of the East Asian World Order: Korea, Japan, and the Chinese Empire, 1860-1882" (1980), University of California Press
- Kim Kihyŏk, "The history of modern Korean-Chinese-Japanese relations" (2007), Yonsei University Press
- Kim Kihyŏk, "The historical background and international environment of the Kanghwa Island Treaty" (2007), Yonsei University Press
- Kim Tongin, "A study of Yi Kwangsu" (1956), Sin’gu munhwasa
- Kim Yŏngmin, "The history of modern Korean prose fiction" (1997), Sol
- Kim Yŏngmin, "The formative process of modern Korean prose fiction" (2005), Somyŏng ch’ulp’an
- Kwak, Tae-hwan, "US-Korean Relations, 1882–1982" (1982), Kyungnam University Press
- Kwŏn Yŏngmin, "A reappraisal of the sin sosŏl’s literary historical character", Inmunhak yŏn’gu, 17, pp.5~40 (2010)
- Kwŏn Yŏngmin, "Tears of blood" (2001), Seoul National University Press
- Lew, Young Ick, "Early Korea Encounters with the United States and Japan: Six Essays on Late Nineteenth-Century Korea" (2008), The Royal Asiatic Society
- Lew, Young Ick, "Korean Perceptions of the United States: A History of Their Origins and Formation" (2006), Jimoondang
- Manela, Erez, "The Wilsonian Moment: Self-Determination and the International Origins of Anticolonial Nationalism" (2007), Oxford University Press
- Nelson, M. Frederick, "Korea and the Old Orders in Eastern Asia" (1967), Russell & Russell
- Schivelbusch, Wolfgang, "The Railway Journey: The Industrialization of Time and Space in the 19th Century" (1987), The University of California Press
- Schmid, Andre, "Korea Between Empires, 1895–1919" (2002), Columbia University Press
- Shin, Gi-Wook, "Ethnic Nationalism in Korea : Genealogy, Politics and Legacy" (2006), Stanford University Press
- 우미영, "식민지 시대 이주자의 자기 인식과 미국 -주요섭과 강용흘의 소설을 중심으로-", 한국근대문학연구, 1(17), pp.325~360 (2008), 한국근대문학회
- Yŏm Sangsŏp, "In On the Eve of the Uprising and Other Stories from Colonial Korea" (2010)
- Yŏm Sangsŏp, "Samdae. Yŏm Sangsŏp chŏnjip 4" (1987), Minŭmsa
- Yi Kwangsu, "Yi Kwangsu chŏnjip 16", pp.191~197 (1963), Samjungdang
- Yi Kwangsu, "In Yi Kwangsu and Modern Korean Literature: Mujŏng" (2005)
- Yi Kwangsu, "Yi Kwangsu chŏnjip 16" (1968), Samjungdang
- Yi Kwangsu, "What is literature?", Journal of Korean Literature and Culture, 4 (2011)
- Yi Kyŏnghun, "Yi Kwangsu and Creation", Hyŏndae sosŏl yŏn’gu, 14, pp.183~204 (2001)