알류샨 저기압 강도가 한반도 한파 발생 과정에 미치는 영향
Impact of the Aleutian Low Intensity on the Process of Cold Surge Occurrence over the Korean Peninsula
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In this study, the impact of the Aleutian low (AL) intensity on the processes of cold surge occurrence over the Korean Peninsula is investigated during the forty two years of winter from 1979/1980 to 2020/2021. First, a total of 86 independent cold surge cases were selected using the cold surge total index (CSTI) defined in this study, and the Aleutian low index (ALI) was used to classify cold surge cases into strong AL groups (34 cases) and weak AL groups (19 cases). Composite analysis shows that in both of the two groups there are the Siberian High (SH) and upper trough approaching the Korean Peninsula from 4 days before the cold surge occurred to the cold surge day. However, the location of formation and path of the cyclonic anomalies in the right side of the Korean Peninsula during the cold surge day are very different between the two groups from 4 days before the cold surge. In the strong AL (SAL) cases, anomalous cyclonic flow begins to develop in the East Sea on 4 days before the cold surge and gradually moves to the east. On the other hand, in the weak AL (WAL) cases, anomalous cyclonic flow is located over the south of Japan on 4 days before the cold surge, it moves to the north 2 days before the cold surge, and then it gradually develops and moves to the east. Further analysis show that the location and path of cyclonic anomalies are closely related to the phase of the Pacific North American pattern (PNA). The positive PNA phase induces the negative AL phase, and as a result, the cyclonic anomaly moves eastward from the East Sea due to the strengthening of the AL. On the other hand, in the negative PNA phase, the cyclonic anomaly moves from the south of Japan to the east of the Korean Peninsula due to the weakening of the AL. These results imply that when cold surge occurs, the intensity of the AL plays a major role in modulating not the strength and movement of the SH but the location of formation and path of the cyclonic anomalies located in the east of the Korean Peninsula.
Abstract
In this study, the impact of the Aleutian low (AL) intensity on the processes of cold surge occurrence over the Korean Peninsula is investigated during the forty two years of winter from 1979/1980 to 2020/2021. First, a total of 86 independent cold surge cases were selected using the cold surge total index (CSTI) defined in this study, and the Aleutian low index (ALI) was used to classify cold surge cases into strong AL groups (34 cases) and weak AL groups (19 cases). Composite analysis shows that in both of the two groups there are the Siberian High (SH) and upper trough approaching the Korean Peninsula from 4 days before the cold surge occurred to the cold surge day. However, the location of formation and path of the cyclonic anomalies in the right side of the Korean Peninsula during the cold surge day are very different between the two groups from 4 days before the cold surge. In the strong AL (SAL) cases, anomalous cyclonic flow begins to develop in the East Sea on 4 days before the cold surge and gradually moves to the east. On the other hand, in the weak AL (WAL) cases, anomalous cyclonic flow is located over the south of Japan on 4 days before the cold surge, it moves to the north 2 days before the cold surge, and then it gradually develops and moves to the east. Further analysis show that the location and path of cyclonic anomalies are closely related to the phase of the Pacific North American pattern (PNA). The positive PNA phase induces the negative AL phase, and as a result, the cyclonic anomaly moves eastward from the East Sea due to the strengthening of the AL. On the other hand, in the negative PNA phase, the cyclonic anomaly moves from the south of Japan to the east of the Korean Peninsula due to the weakening of the AL. These results imply that when cold surge occurs, the intensity of the AL plays a major role in modulating not the strength and movement of the SH but the location of formation and path of the cyclonic anomalies located in the east of the Korean Peninsula.
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