메소아메리카 변환기의 대응: 띠깔과 치첸이쯔아의 정치적 개혁
Political Reform at the Period of Mesoamerican transition
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The Teotihuacan, a unique center of religion, culture and commerce influenced and supported to the development of Maya cities. After the decline of Teotihuacan Mayan civilization was deeply disturbed. This paper analyzed two representative cities that had been through this chaotic situation, without Teotihuacan. Tikal was confronted with invasion of the Calakmul and the Dos Pilas. From that time the whole Maya world engaged one with another, and it took approximately 13 years for Tikal to recover her hegemony from these formidable rivals. The rulers of Tikal wanted to rebuild their cities recovering the symbols of Teotihuacan. They shared political power with neighbor cities instead of turning to war. They constructed radial pyramids symbolizing four directional rule, and the sharing of power. However the sharing of ruling power in Tikal was not as successful as the Classic divine kingship, Kuhul-Ajaw. Amid the chaos of war the Itza marched to discover new land to settle. They were elite and skilled warriors, and by way of military force the Itza conquered northern Yucatan cities and successfully settled at Chichen Itza. However, the Itzas shared their political power with local nobles, and divided rulership between members of the royal family that was called the joint-rule system, Multepal. On the base of social stability, as did the Teotihuacan, realized long distance trade. With the successful establishment of an innovative political and trade system the Itza stood firmly in the new era of Mayan civilization.
Abstract
The Teotihuacan, a unique center of religion, culture and commerce influenced and supported to the development of Maya cities. After the decline of Teotihuacan Mayan civilization was deeply disturbed. This paper analyzed two representative cities that had been through this chaotic situation, without Teotihuacan. Tikal was confronted with invasion of the Calakmul and the Dos Pilas. From that time the whole Maya world engaged one with another, and it took approximately 13 years for Tikal to recover her hegemony from these formidable rivals. The rulers of Tikal wanted to rebuild their cities recovering the symbols of Teotihuacan. They shared political power with neighbor cities instead of turning to war. They constructed radial pyramids symbolizing four directional rule, and the sharing of power. However the sharing of ruling power in Tikal was not as successful as the Classic divine kingship, Kuhul-Ajaw. Amid the chaos of war the Itza marched to discover new land to settle. They were elite and skilled warriors, and by way of military force the Itza conquered northern Yucatan cities and successfully settled at Chichen Itza. However, the Itzas shared their political power with local nobles, and divided rulership between members of the royal family that was called the joint-rule system, Multepal. On the base of social stability, as did the Teotihuacan, realized long distance trade. With the successful establishment of an innovative political and trade system the Itza stood firmly in the new era of Mayan civilization.
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