중국의 정치발전과 선거제도 개혁 : 차액선거 제도화를 중심으로
Political Development and Electoral Reform in China
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Abstract
Electoral reform has been one of the core issues of political development in China since "Reform and Opening Policy" started late 1970's. Political development in Chinese terms means the gradual, stable, and manageable reform of political system within the "socialist institution". There are two forms of election in China, one is the direct election, and the other one is indirect election. One of the recent electoral reform experiments in China is the development of 'public recommendation and direct election' (gongtui zhixuan) which have widely applied from village elections and local People's Congress deputy elections to local government elections. Another important one of the electoral reform experiments is the institutionalization of 'chae xuanju'', in which the number of candidates must exceed the number of positions available. The electoral reform introducing democratic provision which is intended to increase participations and expand competitive selections in Chinese politics does not yet come up to international democratic standard of fairness, honesty, and competitiveness. One of the difficult problems of political development in China is to solve the discrepancy between the rising demand of political participation and low level of institutionalization through the electoral reform.
참고문헌 (33)
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