高句麗 千里長城에 대한 기초적 검토- 장성의 형태와 성격 논의를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The Cheolli Jangseong (千里長城) of Koguryo has been studied onthe basis of the relics estimated as the long wall by the Chineseacademia and the understanding and findings therefrom. As a resultof onsite investigation, however, it was found that LaoBianGang(老邊崗), regarded as the trace of the long wall, was only natural moundof earth or it cannot be viewed as fortress wall, although it was builtartificially. The basis that the Cheolli Jangseong was built duringKoguryo period was not found actually. The understanding that eacharea's LaoBianGang(老邊崗) place name was linked, and thus, oneconnected line was viewed as Cheolli Jangseong had problems fromthe basis of the argument. An assertion that the long wall was builtby additionally constructing fortress wall connecting the mountainousfortresses in Liadong(遼東) area has also some problems in the basisof argument. Estimating the still unclear traces in terms of characteristics as along wall and discussing the type of Cheolli Jangseong based on theremaining phenomena are considered to be irrational. However,attention to the following several issues identified in this stage needsto be paid:First, if bulwark was constructed in the east coast of Liao River(k河), it can be valuable military information. Nonetheless, how comesuch recent information was not described in the section of Liao River(k河) of Koryeo-Ghi((『高麗記』) It is also strange that there was nodescription on the bulwark or barrier in the records dealing with TangDynasty's military attack process. Meanwhile, it was found that beaconmounds were deployed in a row between Liao River and HyeontoFortress (玄菟城). Such beacon fire stations line may be part of theCheolli Jangseong. Second, in 645, when Tang Dynasty's military invaded Koguryo, theCheolli Jangseong was not completed. Here, the building period of 16years should be noted. If Koguryo planned a line of bulwarks, such along construction period might not be required. Third, one end of the long wall was sea, starting from BuyeoFortress(扶餘城). If Buyeo Fortress is regarded as Jilin LongtanMountainous Fortress (吉林 龍潭山城), this can be the farthest norththat Tang Dynasty can choose as a penetration path. The descriptionof the starting point and terminus of the Cheolli Jangseong means thedecline of defense facilities in the whole section of the western partof Koguryo. Fourth, there is a need to notice the fact that Koguryo's westerndefense line was withdrawn to Liao River line from the eastern partof Liaoxi(遼西) in relation with the purpose of Cheolli Jangseongconstruction. The Cheolli Jangseong's construction was implemented,coupled with the withdrawal of western frontier. The meaning of losingLiaoxi and the reason why change, namely, Cheolli Jangseong construction was needed should be taken into account.