‘자연발생적인 탈-스탈린화’: 러시아인들이 되돌아 본 ‘대조국전쟁’의 한 단면

Abstract

This paper aims to explain "the spontaneous de-Stalinization" in 'the Great Patriotic War,’ I will analyze the phase of 'the Great Patriotic War' in russian's memoir and recollection. According to their memoir and recollection, the situation is like that. After the Germans invaded the Soviet Union, she had suffered the greatest military disaster. Popular responses to the outbreak of a devastating war ranged from disbelief to patriotic outrage and misplaced confidence in an immediate victory, to outright panic. They were in crisis. Stalin's totalitarian system had fallen apart in the face of the invasion and occupation. But in this time of crisis, people were suddenly forced to make their own decisions, to take responsibility for themselves. Events pressed us into becoming truly independent human beings. This was a period of spontaneous de-Stalinization. Peoples were fully and responsibly human. Those unique feeling is the sense of initiative, of self-reliance within the drama of crisis. However, by 1943(after Stalingrad) the war machine had been more or less consolidated, and Stalinism once more revived with it. In stalin's eyes, the wartime reliance on individual initiative was utterly in compatible with his continued or, rather, renewed totalitarian control of the country. To that end he drew up a series of draconian control measures.