1920년대 소비에트러시아의 사회주의 건축실험: 구성주의 건축가 모이세이 긴즈부르크와 ‘코뮌의 집’
Experiments for Socialist Space in Soviet Russia: House of Commune and M. Ginzburg in the 1920s
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This paper purports to examine the experiments of a Soviet constructivist architect Moisei Ginzburg, who tried to realize socialist space during the 1920s. After the revolution of 1917, there were a plenty of experiments in order to build the socialist human life and society in Soviet Russia, especially among the constructive architects. It’s main goal was to create a new ‘sovieticus’ and new daily lives (быт), and furthermore to make ‘house of commune’ to socialist condenser. This article is to explain a historical background, process, discourse of construction of house of commune, and why it was finally rejected by Stalin. In addition, it will explain a complex, contradictory and extremely controversial history about the meaning of the house of commune to realize the socialist style of daily life by tracing the relationship and various debates among party leaders, architects organizations, construction committees, and Ginzburg. Although the experiments of constructive architects were rejected by Stalin system and forgotten for a long time in Soviet Russia, this paper attempts to emphasize that architects and house of commune was a product of historical experience, and the socialist space could be understood without considering the historical context.
Abstract
This paper purports to examine the experiments of a Soviet constructivist architect Moisei Ginzburg, who tried to realize socialist space during the 1920s. After the revolution of 1917, there were a plenty of experiments in order to build the socialist human life and society in Soviet Russia, especially among the constructive architects. It’s main goal was to create a new ‘sovieticus’ and new daily lives (быт), and furthermore to make ‘house of commune’ to socialist condenser. This article is to explain a historical background, process, discourse of construction of house of commune, and why it was finally rejected by Stalin. In addition, it will explain a complex, contradictory and extremely controversial history about the meaning of the house of commune to realize the socialist style of daily life by tracing the relationship and various debates among party leaders, architects organizations, construction committees, and Ginzburg. Although the experiments of constructive architects were rejected by Stalin system and forgotten for a long time in Soviet Russia, this paper attempts to emphasize that architects and house of commune was a product of historical experience, and the socialist space could be understood without considering the historical context.
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