인종 정체성과 정당단합투표: 미국 민주당 의원들의 의회 투표 변화
Racial Identity and Party Unity Vote: Changes in Congressional Voting by U.S. Democrats
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Since the 2000s, the proportion of racial minorities in the U.S. Congress has grown rapidly and has begun to reach the “critical mass” that allows them to express independent opinions. In addition, President Barack Obama’s election and BLM movements triggered the “black” identity politics. Consequently, the Democratic Party has begun to face internal confrontation by racial minority groups with which it has coalesced: the larger the size of minority members in the House (especially African-Americans), the more they have been prone to vote against the party’s mainstream opinions. Furthermore, the racial confrontation has undermined the cooperation of female lawmakers; African-American female lawmakers have shown more similar voting behavior to African-American male lawmakers, and white female lawmakers have shown more similar voting behavior to white male lawmakers. However, such divisions within the Democratic Party were limited to the House of Representatives where racial minorities have grown significantly. In the Senate, the confrontation was not remarkable.
Abstract
Since the 2000s, the proportion of racial minorities in the U.S. Congress has grown rapidly and has begun to reach the “critical mass” that allows them to express independent opinions. In addition, President Barack Obama’s election and BLM movements triggered the “black” identity politics. Consequently, the Democratic Party has begun to face internal confrontation by racial minority groups with which it has coalesced: the larger the size of minority members in the House (especially African-Americans), the more they have been prone to vote against the party’s mainstream opinions. Furthermore, the racial confrontation has undermined the cooperation of female lawmakers; African-American female lawmakers have shown more similar voting behavior to African-American male lawmakers, and white female lawmakers have shown more similar voting behavior to white male lawmakers. However, such divisions within the Democratic Party were limited to the House of Representatives where racial minorities have grown significantly. In the Senate, the confrontation was not remarkable.
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