초수정 및 초임월령이 홀스타인 육성우의 번식성적에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Age at First Service and Pregnancy on Reproductive Performance in Holstein Heifers
5
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Presently, the first pregnancy age of dairy heifers attended National Dairy Herd Improvement Program (NDHI) in Korea has increased, and more research have been requested to evaluate the possibility of decreasing the first pregnancy age of dairy heifers. Accordingly, this study was investigated the effects of the month of age at the first service and pregnancy on the reproductive efficiency of Holstein heifers. For these, the reproductive performance of heifers was analyzed by evaluating the effects of first insemination service at 12-14 months of age (12 month old), 15-16 months of age (15 month old), 17-19 months of age (17 month old), and > 20 months of age (20 month old) in Holstein heifers. The service numbers per conception in the first insemination months were 1.85±1.22, 1.59±0.77, 1.58±0.72, and 1.76±0.97 times at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age, respectively. The conception rates in the first service were 51.2, 57.8, 54.8, and 52.9% at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age, respectively. The conception ages were 453.2±78.9, 512.1±75.9, 590.1±98.0, and 713.0±74.5 days in the heifers serviced firstly at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age, respectively. There was significantly difference in the conception age among groups (p<0.05). The cumulative conception rates in the heifers serviced firstly at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age were 51.21, 57.8, 54.8 and 53.0% by the first service, 29.8, 30.1, 32.3, 23.5% by the second service, and 19.0, 12.1, 12.9 and 23.5% by the third service, respectively. The service numbers per conception in the first pregnancy months were 1.31, 1.55, 2.0, 2.05 times at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of the first service age, respectively. The service numbers per conception in the 12 and 15 months of age were significantly lower than those in the 17 and 20 months of age (p<0.05). The rates of repeat-breeder were 6.0, 11.3, 22.0, and 41.0% in the heifers serviced firstly at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age, respectively. These results demonstrate that first pregnancy of Holstein heifers should be conducted at 15 months of age, because the age at first pregnancy in heifers can be substantially influenced through implementation of reproductive management and performance.
Abstract
Presently, the first pregnancy age of dairy heifers attended National Dairy Herd Improvement Program (NDHI) in Korea has increased, and more research have been requested to evaluate the possibility of decreasing the first pregnancy age of dairy heifers. Accordingly, this study was investigated the effects of the month of age at the first service and pregnancy on the reproductive efficiency of Holstein heifers. For these, the reproductive performance of heifers was analyzed by evaluating the effects of first insemination service at 12-14 months of age (12 month old), 15-16 months of age (15 month old), 17-19 months of age (17 month old), and > 20 months of age (20 month old) in Holstein heifers. The service numbers per conception in the first insemination months were 1.85±1.22, 1.59±0.77, 1.58±0.72, and 1.76±0.97 times at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age, respectively. The conception rates in the first service were 51.2, 57.8, 54.8, and 52.9% at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age, respectively. The conception ages were 453.2±78.9, 512.1±75.9, 590.1±98.0, and 713.0±74.5 days in the heifers serviced firstly at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age, respectively. There was significantly difference in the conception age among groups (p<0.05). The cumulative conception rates in the heifers serviced firstly at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age were 51.21, 57.8, 54.8 and 53.0% by the first service, 29.8, 30.1, 32.3, 23.5% by the second service, and 19.0, 12.1, 12.9 and 23.5% by the third service, respectively. The service numbers per conception in the first pregnancy months were 1.31, 1.55, 2.0, 2.05 times at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of the first service age, respectively. The service numbers per conception in the 12 and 15 months of age were significantly lower than those in the 17 and 20 months of age (p<0.05). The rates of repeat-breeder were 6.0, 11.3, 22.0, and 41.0% in the heifers serviced firstly at 12, 15, 17 and 20 months of age, respectively. These results demonstrate that first pregnancy of Holstein heifers should be conducted at 15 months of age, because the age at first pregnancy in heifers can be substantially influenced through implementation of reproductive management and performance.
참고문헌 (51)
- Abe, H., "Relationships between reproductive traits of heifers and cows and yield traits for Holsteins in Japan", J. Dairy Sci, 92, pp.4055~4062 (2009)
- volac, "Agriculture news. Optimum heifer rearing pays dividends later on", volac, ~ (2013)
- Ahmed, W. M., "Clinical perspective of repeat breeding syndrome in Buffaloes", J. Am. Sci, 6(11), pp.21~27 (2010)
- 백광수, "청보리 사일리지 급여가 Holstein 젖소 미경산우의 번식 성적에 미치는 영향", Reproductive & Developmental biology, 34(3), pp.247~252 (2010), 한국동물번식학회
- Båge, R., "Repeat breeding in dairy heifers: follicular dynamics and estrous cycle characteristics in relation to sexual hormone patterns", Theriogenology, 57, pp.2257~2269 (2002)
- Bartlett, P. C., "Repeated insemination in Michigan Holstein-Friesian cattle: incidence, descriptive epidemiology and estimated economic impact", Theriogenology, 26, pp.309~322 (1986)
- Berry, D. P., "Associations between age at first calving and subsequent performance in irish spring calving Holstein–Friesian dairy cows", Livest. Sci, 123, pp.44~54 (2009)
- Brooks, G., "Fertility of repeat breeder cows in subsequent lactations", Vet. Rec, 143, pp.615~616 (1998)
- Bulman, D. C., "Milk progesterone levels in relation to conception, repeat breeding and factors influencing acyclicity in dairy cows", J. Reprod. Fertil, 54, pp.447~458 (1978)
- Butler, W. R., "Nutritional interactions with reproductive performance in dairy cattle", Anim. Reprod. Sci, 통권 : 60-61, pp.449~457 (2000)
- Cooke, J. S., "Association between growth rates, age at first calving and subsequent fertility, milk production and survival in Holstein-Friesian heifers", Open J. Anim. Sci, 3, pp.1~12 (2013)
- Daccarett, M. G., "Performance of Holstein heifers fed 100% or more of national research council requirements", J. Dairy Sci, 76, pp.606~614 (1993)
- Davis Rincker, L. E, "Effect of intensified feeding of heifer calves on growth, pubertal age, calving age, milk yield, and economics", J. Dairy Sci, 94, pp.3554~3567 (2011)
- National Agricultural Cooperative Federation, "DHI Annual Report 2012", Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs and DCIC, pp.43~ (2012), National Agricultural Cooperative Federation
- Donovan, G. A., "Factors associated with first service conception in artificially inseminated nulliparous Holstein heifers", Theriogenology, 60, pp.67~75
- Dunne, L. D., "Embryo and foetal loss in beef heifers between day 14 of gestation and full term", Anim. Reprod. Sci, 58, pp.39~44 (2000)
- Ettema, J. F., "Impact of age at calving on lactation, reproduction, health, and income in first-parity Holsteins on commercial farms", J. Dairy Sci, 87, pp.2730~2742 (2004)
- Evans, R. D., "Effects of calving age, breed fraction and month of calving on calving interval and survival across parities in Irish spring-calving dairy cows", Livest. Sci, 100, pp.216~230 (2006)
- Fricke, P. M, "Strategies for optimizing reproductive management of dairy heifers", Adv. in Dairy Tech, pp.16~21 (2004)
- Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh, N., "Effects of main reproductive and health problems on the performance of dairy cows: A review", Span. J. Agric. Res, 11, pp.718~735 (2013)
- Gustafsson, H., "Characterisation of the repeat breeding syndrome in Swedish Dairy Cattle", Acta. vet. scand, 43, pp.115~125 (2002)
- Hallap, T., "Usefulness of a triple fluorochrome combination Merocyanine 540", Yo-Pro 1, Theriogenology, pp.2006, 65[DOI]
- Hare, E., "Trends in calving ages and calving intervals for dairy cattle breeds in the United States", J. Dairy Sci, 89, pp.365~370 (2006)
- Head, H. H, "Large Herd Dairy Management", pp.422~ (1992), American Dairy Sci. Association
- Heinrichs, A. J., "Raising dairy replacements to meet the needs of the 21st century", J. Dairy Sci, 76, pp.3179~3187 (1993)
- Heuwieser, W., "Evaluation of different protocols for prostaglandin synchronization to improve reproductive performance in dairy herds with low estrus detection efficiency", J. Dairy Sci, 80, pp.2766~2774 (1997)
- Kendall, N. R., "Incidence and treatment of inadequate postovulatory progesterone concentrations in repeat breeder cows", Vet. J, 181, pp.158~162 (2009)
- Krpálková, L., "Effect of prepubertal and postpubertal growth and age at first calving on production and reproduction traits during the first 3 lactations in Holstein dairy cattle", J. Dairy Sci, 97, pp.3017~3027 (2014)
- Kuhn, M. T., "Characterization of Holstein heifer fertility in the United States", J. Dairy Sci, 9, pp.4907~4920 (2006)
- Lafi, S. Q., "Epidemiological and economic study of the repeat breeder syndrome in Michigan dairy cattle. I. Epidemiological modeling", Prev. Vet. Med, 14, pp.87~98 (1992)
- 임현주, "Effect of Calf Birth Weight on the Subsequent Fertility of Holstein Heifers", 한국수정란이식학회지, 27(2), pp.81~85 (2012), 한국수정란이식학회[DOI]
- López-Gatius, F., "Reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows treated with cloprostenol at the time of insemination", Theriogenology, 62, pp.677~689 (2004)
- Lucy, M. C., "Reproductive loss in highproducing dairy cattle: where will it end?", J. Dairy Sci, 84, pp.1277~1293 (2001)
- Maurer, R. R., "Repeat breeder females in beef cattle: influences and causes", J. Anim. Sci, 61, pp.642~636 (1985)
- Moss, N., "2002. Risk factors for repeat-breeder syndrome in New South Wales dairy cows", Prev. Vet. Med, 54, pp.91~103 (2002)
- Morrell, J. M., "Update on semen technologies for animal breeding", Reprod. Dom. Anim, 41, pp.63~67 (2006)
- Moussavi, A. H., "Impact of age at first calving on lactation and reproduction of first-parity Iranian Holsteins dairy cows", J. Anim. Vet. Adv, 7, pp.190~195 (2008)
- Meyer, M. J., "Reduced age at first calving: Effect on lifetime production, longevity, and profitability", Dairy Day, pp.42~52 (2004)
- Murphy, M., "The heifer must increase in body size, volume, as well as weight for successful calving at 22-24 months of age", Adv. Dairy Tech, 16, pp.153~160 (2004)
- Parkinson, T, "The repeat breeder syndrome. Veterinary reproduction and obstetrics", pp.463~466 (2009), Saunders Elsevier
- Pérez-Marín, C. C., "Oestrus expression and ovarian function in repeat breeder cows, monitored by ultrasonography and progesterone assay", Reprod. Dom. Anim, 42, pp.449~456 (2007)
- Powell, R. L., "Trend of age at first calving", J. Dairy Sci, pp.68~768 (1985)
- Rizzo, A., "Concentrations of free radicals and beta-endorphins in repeat breeder cows", Anim. Reprod. Sci, 100, pp.257~263 (2007)
- Pursley, J. R., "Effect of time of artificial insemination on pregnancy rates, calving rates, pregnancy loss, and gender ratio after synchronization of ovulation in lactating dairy cows", J. Dairy Sci, 81, pp.2139~2144 (1998)
- Roche, J. F., "Reproductive wastage following artificial insemination of heifers", Vet. Rec, 109, pp.401~404 (1981)
- Silvia, W. J., "Embryonic mortality and repeat breeder cows. In Proc National Reprod Symposium", 27th annual Conf of American of Bovine Practitioners, pp.151~160 (1994)
- Villarroel, A., "Effect of post-insemination supplementation with PRID on pregnancy in repeat-breeder Holstein cows", Theriogenology, 61, pp.1513~1520 (2004)
- Wathes, D. C., "Factors influencing heifer survival and fertility on commercial dairy farms", Animal, 2, pp.1135~1143 (2008)
- 이춘지, "젖소의 초산월령별 낙농경영 수익성", 농업경영.정책연구, 38(2), pp.360~380 (2011), 한국농식품정책학회
- Yusuf, M., "Reproductive performance of repeat breeders in dairy herds", Theriogenology, 73, pp.1220~1229 (2010)
- Yusuf, M., "The incidence of repeat breeding in dairy cows under tropical condition", Media Peternacan, pp.28~31 (2012)