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이유자돈 복지 증진을 위한 장난감 제공이 성장 및 행동에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Toy as Environmental Enrichment on Growth Performance and Behaviour in Weanling Pigs

김진수|오승민
동물생명과학연구소 (Institute of Animal Life Science)|2023.09|동물자원연구 (ANNALS OF ANIMAL RESOURCE SCIENCES)|제34권 제3호|pp. 81-88|DOI 10.12718/AARS.2023.34.3.81

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키워드

WelfareBehaviourToyWeanling PigEnvironmental enrichment
주제분류축산학

초록

본 연구는 이유 시 장난감 제공 유무와 기간이 돼지의 성장, 설사 지수 및 행동 특성에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 수행되었다. 총 300마리의 3원교잡종(Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc, 6.21kg) 이유자돈을 공시하여 3처리구로 나누었고 처리구에 따른 반복 수는 10반복으로 하였으며 반복당 10두를 공시하였다. 이유 후 장난감 제공 기간에 따라 Control(장난감 미제공), TOY-2(이유 후 첫 2주간 장난감 제공)과 TOY-4(이유 후 4주간 장난감 제공) 처리구로 나누어 완전 임의 배치하였다. 이유자돈은 사료와 물을 자유롭게 채식하였다. 이유자돈의 행동은 14와 28일차에 비디오 카메라를 사용하여 기록되었다. Overall 일당증체량은 TOY-4 처리구에서 377로 가장 높게 나타났으며(p<0.05), 일당사료섭취량은 596으로 가장 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). TOY-4 처리구에서 설사와 분변 지수가 2.60으로 가장 낮게 나타났으며(p<0.05), 14일차 귀물기와 투쟁 행동은 TOY-4 처리구에서 0.132와 0.379로 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 꼬리물기 행동은 TOY-2 처리구에서 0.391로 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 그러나 28일차 꼬리물기 행동은 TOY-4 처리구가 0.379로 가장 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 장난감 제공을 통하여 불특정한 사회적 행동을 감소시켰기 때문에 일당증체량은 개선된 것으로 보여진다. 본 실험 결과, 장난감 제공은 이유자돈의 생존율을 높임으로써 복지를 향상시키고 농가 수익을 향상시켜줄 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the effect of environmental enrichment via toys on the behaviour and performance of weanling pigs. A total of 300 pigs (LYD) were housed in different pens with ten pigs per replicate and ten pigs per head divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was called “CON” and received no toys, group 2 was TOY-2, and pigs in this group had access to toys in the first 2 weeks, and lastly, pigs in TOY-4 were given toys in the fourth week. The pigs had access to feed and water ad-libitum. The individual pig behaviours in each group was recorded on days 14 and 28 (d 14 and 28) with a video camera for accuracy. The results showed higher (p<0.05) overall ADG in TOY-4 compared with CON, while the overall ADFI was higher (p<0.05) in TOY-supplemented groups compared to CON. Diarrhea incidence and fecal score were lower on D 14 in TOY-supplemented groups compared with CON. Behavioural features such as ear biting and fighting were lower (p<0.05) in TOY-supplemented groups compared with CON on D 14. Tail biting was lower (p<0.05) in TOY-2 compared with CON at D 14. Conversely, at D 28, tail biting was lower (p<0.05) in TOY-4 compared with CON. The ADG improved due to the toy supplied to reduce undesirable social behaviours. We concluded that the environmental enrichment of pens with toys can help to improve the welfare in weaning pigs, leading to a greater survivability and more production thereby improving farmer incomes.

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