Recent Advances in TCP Congestion Control
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In this article, we first review the concept of congestion control with a focus on the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). We describe many recently proposed algorithms to combat congestion and improve performance, particularly active queue management (AQM) algorithms such as random early detection (RED) and its variants. We then survey control-theoretic analysis and design of TCP congestion control with an AQM scheme. In addition, we discuss three problems associated with AQM proposals: 1) parameter setting, 2) the insensitivity to the input traffic load variation, and 3) the mismatch between macroscopic and microscopic behavior of queue length dynamics. Then, we suggest requirements for an AQM algorithm to be adaptive to the various network situations. As alternatives to AQM algorithms, we also survey architectural approaches such as modification of source or network algorithms, and economic approaches including pricing or optimization of allocated resources. Finally, we list many open issues that persist in the design, operation and control of the Internet.
Abstract
In this article, we first review the concept of congestion control with a focus on the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). We describe many recently proposed algorithms to combat congestion and improve performance, particularly active queue management (AQM) algorithms such as random early detection (RED) and its variants. We then survey control-theoretic analysis and design of TCP congestion control with an AQM scheme. In addition, we discuss three problems associated with AQM proposals: 1) parameter setting, 2) the insensitivity to the input traffic load variation, and 3) the mismatch between macroscopic and microscopic behavior of queue length dynamics. Then, we suggest requirements for an AQM algorithm to be adaptive to the various network situations. As alternatives to AQM algorithms, we also survey architectural approaches such as modification of source or network algorithms, and economic approaches including pricing or optimization of allocated resources. Finally, we list many open issues that persist in the design, operation and control of the Internet.