웨어러블 컴퓨팅 환경에서 문자입력을 지원하는 초소형 키보드
Miniature Keyboards Supporting Text Entry in Wearable Computing Environments
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초록
상용화된 웨어러블 컴퓨팅용 문자입력장치 중 팔목에 착용하는 키보드가 많은데 대부분 소형화를 위해 키 수를 줄이는 방식을 택하고 있다. 하지만 충분한 착용성 확보를 위해 키보드의 키 수를 대폭 줄일 경우 보통 문자당 키 입력수(KSPC)가 증가하기 때문에 입력효율이 저하되고 학습을 위해 부가적인 노력이 요구되는 등 웨어러블 키보드를 디자인하는데 있어 착용성과 사용성이 상충하는 문제상황에 직면하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 상충적 요소를 양립시키며 적절한 균형점을 만들어낼 수 있는 새로운 웨어러블 키보드를 개발하고자 하였다. 첫 번째 사례연구로서 기존의 QWERTY키보드를 단 하나의 키만을 갖는 입력장치로 개량하고 키 간격을 줄여 명함보다 작은 원키 키보드를 제안하였다. 원키 키보드는 키 판 위에 접촉하는 손가락 위치에 따라 그에 상응하는 키가 컴퓨터에 입력된다. 프로토타입을 통한 입력효율 평가결과 20분 5세션의 태스크 수행 후 평균 18.9WPM, 최고 24.5WPM의 문자입력속도를 기록하였다. 두 번째 사례연구로서 터치센서배열을 이용해 원키 키보드를 의복에 단추와 같이 부착할 수 있는 수준으로 소형화한 버튼 키보드를 개발하였다. 버튼 키보드는 10분 20세션 경과 후 평균 14.7WPM, 최고 17.0 WPM의 문자입력효율을 기록하였다. 연구결과 원키 키보드와 버튼 키보드는 기존의 웨어러블 키보드에 비해 상당히 소형화되었음에도 불구하고 기존의 다른 방법들과 비교하여 상당한 입력효율을 나타냈다.
Abstract
Many of the commercialized wearable text input devices are wrist-worn keyboards that have adopted the minimization method of reducing keys. If the keys of a keyboard are reduced unduly in order to get good wearability, its KSPC(Key Strokes Per Character) may increase; Consequently, the text input efficiency would therefore become worse and users would need to make additional efforts in learning a new typing method. We are faced with this kind of wearability-usability trade-off problems in designing wearable keyboards. We tried to develop new text input devices balancing between the trade-offs. As a first step, we proposed the One-key keyboard which has only one key and is smaller than a business card. The One-key keyboard detects the position of the user’s fingertip when pushed and it figures out which character is entered. We built a prototype of the One-key keyboard and conducted a text entry performance test comprised of 5 20-minute sessions. The participants typed on average 18.9WPM in the final session and the best reached up to 24.5WPM. Minimizing the One-key keyboard even more with touch sensor array, we developed a Button keyboard that is so small that it can be attached onto clothing just like a button. The text entry performance test with 20 10-minute sessions revealed that the participants, on average, were able to enter texts at 14.7WPM in the final session and the best reached up to 17.0WPM. The One-key keyboard and Button keyboard show good text entry performances despite its small size in comparison with traditional alternative input methods.
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