한국형 자살하지 않는 이유 대학생용 척도 개발 및 타당도 연구
Development and Validation of the Korean Version of Reasons for Living Inventory for College Students
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초록
본 연구에서는 한국 대학생들의 자살 보호요인을 직접 측정하고 상담 장면에서 활용하기 위한 것으로, 자살하지 않는 이유 척도(The Reasons for Living Inventory; RFL)를 한국형 척도로 개발 및 타당화하고 자살관련 행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보았다. 예비 척도의 문항을 구성하기 위하여 서울 및 경기지역 대학생 46명으로부터 자살하지 않는 이유 113개를 직접 수집하였고, 이후 The College Student Reasons for Living Inventory(CSRLI)의 46개 문항과 연구자가 수집한 113개의 이유들을 내용 분석하여 총 37개의 문항을 개발하였다. 최종적으로는 Linehan(1983)이 개발한 자살하지 않는 이유 원척도를 이기원 등(2010)이 타당화한 45개의 문항을 포함하여 총 82개의 예비문항을 구성하였다. 이후 461명의 대학생들을 대상으로 요인구조를 확인하여, 총 49문항의 한국형 자살하지 않는 이유 대학생용 척도(Korean version of the Reasons for Living Inventory for College Students, KRFL-CS)를 개발하였다. KRFL-CS의 제 1요인은 ‘생존·대처신념 및 미래 기대’, 제 2요인은 ‘가족과 친구에 대한 책임감’, 제 3요인은 ‘사회적 비난에 대한 두려움’, 제 4요인은 ‘죽음에 대한 공포’, 제 5요인은 ‘도덕적 금기’로 나타났다. 본 연구는 기존의 RFL의 연구들과 비교하여 한국 대학생들의 자살하지 않는 이유는 어떤 특성이 있는지를 나타내었고, 학교나 상담 세팅에서 자살위기를 파악하는 스크리닝 검사로 활용될 수 있음을 보여주었다.
Abstract
The Reasons for Living Inventory is a developed by Linehan(1983) and is made up of the reasons why people do not actually practice suicide when they thought about committing suicide. The purpose of this study is to examine protective factors against suicide and to use them in counseling practically for Korean college students. In order to develop and validate preliminary inventory, forty-six Korean college students generated 37 distinct reasons, and 45 items of the Reasons for Living Inventory were added in. These 82 preliminary items were reduced by item analysis and factor analysis, and the 49 final items were arranged into the Korean Version of Reasons for Living Inventory for College Students(KRFL-CS). As a result of exploratory factor analysis, 5 factors were yielded: Survival·Coping Beliefs and Future Expectations, Responsibility to Family and Friends, Fear of Social Disapproval, Fear of Death, and Moral Objections. The KRFL-CS had reasonable reliability, and validity were also appropriate. The implications and limitations of the study were discussed along with some suggestions for future research on this study.
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