Cultural impacts of state interventions: Traditional craftsmanship in China’s porcelain capital in the mid to late 20th century
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Craft production is essential in maintaining community cohesion and traditional craft knowledge, skills and techniques. In response to the decline of traditional craftsmanship, owing to industrialisation and modernisation, a global discussion on intangible cultural heritage (ICH) arose in the early 1990s. Exploring the roles of different stakeholders, including the state, in sustainably safeguarding ICH has become an increasingly important research topic in contemporary heritage studies. This paper assesses the cultural impact of China’s state interventions on traditional craftsmanship by analysing the state’s role in Jingdezhen’s porcelain manufacturing in the mid- to late 20th century. An analytical framework is developed based on six essential attributes of traditional craftsmanship. This paper then applies this framework to comprehensively assess how Jingdezhen’s state-led porcelain production practice affected various aspects of traditional craftsmanship. The empirical evidence presented in this paper reveals some of the state interventions’ adverse effects on the inherence and development of traditional craftsmanship. In general, the state interventions lowered the involvement of artistic elements in the production and consumption of porcelain crafts, hindered the market’s role in signalling customers’ preferences to producers and terminated the dispersed production in traditional private workshops. However, state interventions, by and large, facilitated the diffusion of crafting skills and had mixed impacts on workers’ agency as well as the transmission and development of accumulative and systematic knowledge in traditional craftsmanship.
Abstract
Craft production is essential in maintaining community cohesion and traditional craft knowledge, skills and techniques. In response to the decline of traditional craftsmanship, owing to industrialisation and modernisation, a global discussion on intangible cultural heritage (ICH) arose in the early 1990s. Exploring the roles of different stakeholders, including the state, in sustainably safeguarding ICH has become an increasingly important research topic in contemporary heritage studies. This paper assesses the cultural impact of China’s state interventions on traditional craftsmanship by analysing the state’s role in Jingdezhen’s porcelain manufacturing in the mid- to late 20th century. An analytical framework is developed based on six essential attributes of traditional craftsmanship. This paper then applies this framework to comprehensively assess how Jingdezhen’s state-led porcelain production practice affected various aspects of traditional craftsmanship. The empirical evidence presented in this paper reveals some of the state interventions’ adverse effects on the inherence and development of traditional craftsmanship. In general, the state interventions lowered the involvement of artistic elements in the production and consumption of porcelain crafts, hindered the market’s role in signalling customers’ preferences to producers and terminated the dispersed production in traditional private workshops. However, state interventions, by and large, facilitated the diffusion of crafting skills and had mixed impacts on workers’ agency as well as the transmission and development of accumulative and systematic knowledge in traditional craftsmanship.
참고문헌 (56)
- Abisuga-Oyekunle, O. A., "The role of handicraft micro-enterprises as a catalyst for youth employment", Creative Industries Journal, 10(1), pp.59~74 (2017)[DOI]
- Akagawa, N., "Safeguarding Intangible Heritage: Practices and Politics" (2018), Routledge
- Bian, M. L, "Redefining the Chinese Revolution: The Transformation and Evolution of Guizhou's Regional State Enterprises, 1937–1957", Modern China, 41(3), pp.313~350 (2015)[DOI]
- Blake, J, "Safeguarding Intangible Heritage: Practices and Politics", pp.17~35 (2018), Routledge
- Bourdieu, P., "Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture" (1990), Sage Publications
- Branko, H., "Towards a Theory of Planned Economy" (1964), Yugoslav Institute of Economic Research
- Charmaz, K., "Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis" (2006), Sage Publications
- Chen, Y., (1996), Peking University Press
- Cohen, E, "Authenticity and commoditisation in tourism", Annals of Tourism Research, 15(3), pp.371~386 (1988)[DOI]
- Eatwell, J., "The New Palgrave: Problems of the Planned Economy" (1990), Macmillan
- Gerritsen, A., "The City of Blue and White: Chinese Porcelain and the Early Modern World" (2020), Cambridge University Press
- Gillette, M. B, "Copying, Counterfeiting, and Capitalism in Contemporary China: Jingdezhen’s Porcelain Industry", Modern China, 36(4), pp.367~403 (2010)[DOI]
- Gillette, M. B, "Labour and Precariousness in China’s Porcelain Capital", Anthropology of Work Review, 35(1), pp.25~39 (2014)[DOI]
- Gillette, M. B, "East Asia in the World: An Introduction", pp.219~242 (2015), Taylor & Francis
- Gillette, M. B., "China’s Porcelain Capital: The Rise, Fall and Reinvention of Ceramics in Jingdezhen" (2016), Bloomsbury
- Gowlland, G., "Reinventing Craft in China: The Contemporary Politics of Yixing Zisha Ceramics" (2017), Sean Kingston Publishing
- Grobar, L. M, "Policies to promote employment and preserve cultural heritage in the handicraft sector", International Journal of Cultural Policy, 25(4), pp.515~527 (2019)[DOI]
- 1959, , ~
- (2012)[URL]
- Jingdezhen City Records Compilation Committee, (1989), Chinese Dictionary Publishers
- 외즐렘 카라쿨, "역사적 건축물의 전통 공예기술 보존을 위한 통합적 방법론", International Journal of Intangible Heritage, (10), pp.121~129 (2015), 국립민속박물관[DOI]
- Kim, S., "Development of intangible cultural heritage as a sustainable tourism resource: the intangible cultural heritage practitioners’ perspectives", Journal of Heritage Tourism, 14(5–6), pp.422~435 (2019)[DOI]
- Lixinski, L, "Safeguarding Intangible Heritage: Practices and Politics", pp.54~67 (2018), Routledge
- Louis, P., "China’s State-Owned Enterprises: Their Role, Job Creation, and Efficiency in Long-Term Perspective", Modern China, 26(4), pp.403~447 (2000)[DOI]
- Macrae, G, "Universal heritage meets local livelihoods: 'awkward engagements' at the world cultural heritage listing in Bali", International Journal of Heritage Studies, 23(9), pp.846~859 (2017)[DOI]
- Martindale, T., "Livelihoods, Craft and Heritage: Transmissions of Knowledge in Cornish Fishing Villages", PhD, pp.2012
- "Statistics of per capita disposable income of urban households and per capita net income of rural residents (1980–1990)" (1990)[URL]
- Parts, P., "Developing sustainable heritage-based livelihoods: an initial study of artisans and their crafts in Viljandi County, Estonia", International Journal of Heritage Studies, 17(5), pp.401~425 (2011)[DOI]
- Qi, H., "The Impact of State-Owned Enterprises on China’s Economic Growth", The Review of Radical Political Economics, 52(1), pp.96~114 (2019)[DOI]
- Risatti, H., "A Theory of Craft: Function and Aesthetic Expression" (2007), University of North Carolina Press
- Schortman, E., "Modeling the Roles of Craft Production in Ancient Political Economies", Journal of Archaeological Research, 12(2), pp.185~226 (2004)[DOI]
- Scrase, T. J, "Precarious production: Globalisation and artisan labour in the Third World", Third World Quarterly, 24(3), pp.449~461 (2003)[DOI]
- Sennett, R., "The Craftsman" (2008), Yale University Press
- Shen, G., (1985), Guangdong People’s Publication House
- Smart, A, "Gifts, Bribes, and Guanxi: A Reconsideration of Bourdieu’s Social Capital", Cultural Anthropology, 8(3), pp.388~408 (1993)[DOI]
- Smith, L., "Intangible Heritage" (2008), Taylor and Francis
- (2011)[URL]
- Tao, Y, "Unlikely Friends of the Authoritarian and Atheist Ruler: Religious Groups and Collective Contention in Rural China", Politics and Religion, 8(1), pp.86~110 (2015)[DOI]
- Tao, Y., "Elites and Governance in China", pp.110~135 (2012), Routledge
- Tao, Y., (2020), Social Sciences Academic Press
- Trilling, L., "Sincerity and Authenticity" (1972), Oxford University Press
- Tsai, L., "Accountability without Democracy" (2007), Cambridge University Press
- "Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage" (2003)[URL]
- "Operational Directives for the Implementation of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage" (2016)[URL]
- "UNESCO Creative Cities Programme for Sustainable Development-Creative City of Crafts and Folk Arts: Jingdezhen" (2018)[URL]
- Varutti, M, "Crafting heritage: artisans and the making of Indigenous heritage in contemporary Taiwan", International Journal of Heritage Studies, 21(10), pp.1036~1049 (2015)[DOI]
- "Art & Design", 2014, 26~31, 10.16272[DOI]
- Wang, Z., (1994), Chinese Book Company
- Wiktor-Mach, D, "Cultural heritage and development: UNESCO’s new paradigm in a changing geopolitical context", Third world quarterly, 40(9), pp.1593~1612 (2019)[DOI]
- Winter, T, "Heritage studies and the privileging of theory", International Journal of Heritage Studies, 20(5), pp.556~572 (2014)[DOI]
- (2012)[URL]
- Xu, Y., "China’s emerging legislative and policy framework for safeguarding intangible cultural heritage", International Journal of Cultural Policy, pp.1~15 (2021)[DOI]
- Yang, Mayfair, "The Modernity of Power in the Chinese Socialist Order", Cultural Anthropology, 3(4), pp.408~427 (1988)[DOI]
- Yang, Y., "Preservation of cultural heritage embodied in traditional crafts in the developing countries. A case study of Pakistani handicraft industry", Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(5), pp.1336~1353 (2018)[DOI]
- "Relics From South", 2005, 19~24, :19–24
- Yeuh, L., "State-Owned Enterprises: Law as Instrument of Economic Policy" (2011), Oxford University Press