A Research on the Education of Children Disaster Safety and Safety Training Classroom in School for Increasing Responding Ability of Disaster

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) As various types of disaster happen all over the worlds world, unexpected social problems take place which threaten safety of citizens and cities. UNISDR focuses on importance of disaster risk management managements for relieving disaster in the stage of prevention, and adopts ‘Hyogo Action Plan(2015)’ which helps enhance levels of disaster prevention in various classes, for effective disaster response. Vulnerable children who could be potential risk factor from disaster disasters could trigger lots of various social problems if they are not prepared for disaster damages. Therefore, safety education is important which helps children acquire information about disaster, judge state of disaster by themselves, and perform safe behaviors properly. The purpose of this study grasp comprehensively current state of domestic education facilities for improving disaster responsive ability of children. Also, analyze current state of space composition and safety education program in Korea, focusing on safety training classes within school which helps empirical education and drills conducted continuously in school schools. (Method) As a research method, firstly, understand emotional risk which should be handled, to improve disaster resilience in the daily lives. Also, reflect theoretically on safe behaviors and safety psychology based on children. Secondly, research on general state of facility, and classify types of education facilities for children’s safety after comprehending regional characters of educational environment, persons concerned, and programs which are elements of safety education. Finally, examine current state of empirical safety classes within schools by analyzing characteristics of space composition and safety education programs in six safety training classes which opened from 2017 to 2019 for case study. (Results) As a result of studying safety training classes in Korea, most classes conduct safety education about drug, safety of elevator, disaster safety, first aid, and traffic safety, utilizing averagely 2.5 classes based on standard facility model. After analyzing character of space composition by domains, complexity, connectivity, and capability, empirical classes are composed of system of modulation according to programs and scale of space based on standard facility model in the aspect of domains, so most spaces are well divided. Also, various safety educations are conducted in 2.5 classes in combination. In the aspect of connectivity and capability, more utilizable spaces are needed by using variable rooms and connecting surrounding facilities even though empirical space by experience story and empirical facility, considering surrounding local character, are well conducted. (Conclusions) Recently, accessibility of empirical education increased a lot as empirical classes are built locally. Also, range of education are enlarged to build safe community by opening safety education to parents and local residents beyond children. Children can behave safely and are equipped with physical ability and proper judging ability for responding to disaster through safety training classes.