중국 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터 공간디자인 요소에 관한 연구
A Study on the Space Design Elements of Community Shopping Center in China
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(연구배경 및 목적) 중국의 도시화 발전 배경에서 도시 발전의 초점은 도시의 범위 확대에서 도시의 삶의 질에 대한 향상으로 이동하고 있다. 도시 지역 주민들의 편리한 쇼핑, 레저 및 엔터테인먼트와 같이 일상적인 사회적 장소의 요구를 충족시키기 위해 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터는 기능적이고 종합적인 공간으로서 도시계획, 상업 개발 및 커뮤니티 건설 분야의 핵심 연구의 대상이 되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터에 필요한 공간디자인 요소를 범주화하고 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터의 공간 활력을 향상시키는 방법을 찾는 것이다. (연구방법) 본 연구의 방법은 쇼핑센터 공간과 커뮤니티를 위한 상업공간의 발전 추세와의 연관성을 조사하고 관련 선행 문헌을 통해 중국 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터의 공간디자인 요소를 도출하는 것이다. 요소 간의 유사성은 전문가 설문지와 다차원척도법을 통해 분석되며, 도출된 그래프로 요소를 범주화한다. (결과) 범주화를 바탕으로 도출된 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터 공간디자인 요소는 사회자원의 공유기능, 일상생활의 서비스기능, 자연생태의 연결기능, 문화예술의 진흥기능, 소비공간의 복합기능과 같은 5가지 공간기능으로 정리되었다. 범위 1에서 개방성, 참여성, 공공성 세 가지 항목을 나타내는 사회자원의 공유기능은 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터가 주민들에게 개방적이고 공유 가능한 사회적인 모임 장소를 제공한다는 것을 의미한다. 범위 2에서 정보성, 접근성, 기능성, 서비스성, 편의성, 일상성 6가지 항목의 일상생활의 서비스 기능은 커뮤니티의 기능적 측면에서 주민들에게 일상생활에 필요한 서비스 시설과 업종을 제공한다는 것을 의미한다. 범주 3에서 쾌적성, 생태성 2가지 항목의 자연환경의 연결기능은 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터가 자연생태와 연결되어 주민들에게 신체적 및 정신적으로 편안한 환경을 제공한다는 것을 의미한다. 범주 4에서 문화성, 체험성, 오락성, 예술성, 목적성, 독특성, 테마성, 지역성 8가지 항목의 문화예술의 진흥기능은 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터가 주민들에게 다양한 주제의 예술문화 교류 및 체험 기회를 제공한다는 것을 의미한다. 범주 5에서 다양성, 모호성, 복합성, 가변성, 전이성 5가지 항목의 소비공간의 복합기능은 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터가 소비 기능을 기반으로 주민들에게 여가 활동, 관광 체험, 학습 성장 등 다양한 공간 기능을 제공한다는 것을 의미한다. (결론) 공간디자인 요소에 기반한 사회자원의 공유기능, 일상생활의 서비스기능, 자연생태의 연결기능, 문화예술의 진흥기능, 소비공간의 복합기능 총 5가지 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터의 공간 기능은 중국의 미래 커뮤니티형 쇼핑센터의 공간 개선 전략으로 사용될 수 있으며, 현재 중국의 쇼핑센터 및 커뮤니티의 상업적 문제를 해결하기 위해 이론적인 지침을 제공할 수 있다.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) With the maturity of urbanization in China, the focus of urban development is shifting from expanding the scope of cities to improving the quality of urban life. In order to meet the needs of urban community residents for convenient shopping, leisure, entertainment, and daily social spaces, community shopping centers as a functional and comprehensive space, have become a key research object in urban planning, commercial development, and community construction. The purpose of this study is to scope the necessary spatial design elements for community shopping centers and find ways to enhance the spatial vitality of community shopping centers. (Method) The method of this study is to examine the correlation between the development trends of shopping center space and community commercial space, and derive the spatial design elements of Chinese community shopping centers through relevant preceding literature. The similarities between design elements are analyzed through expert survey questionnaires and the SPSS Multi-dimensional scaling method, then classify the design elements based on the Positioning Map. (Results) Based on the spatial design elements of community shopping centers derived from categorization, it can be summarized as five spatial functions: social resource sharing function, daily life service function, natural ecological connection function, cultural and artistic revitalization function, and consumption space composite function. In category 1, the social resource sharing function, which represents three items: openness, participation, and public nature, means that community-type shopping malls provide open and shared social gathering places for residents. In category 2, the daily life service function, which represents six items: informativeness, accessibility, functionality, service, convenience, and daily life, means to provide residents with services and industries necessary for their daily lives. In category 3, the natural environment connection function of comfort and ecology refers to the connection between community shopping centers and natural ecology to provide residents with a comfortable environment. In category 4, the cultural and artistic revitalization function, which represents eight items: culture, experience, recreationality, art, purpose, uniqueness, theme, and locality, means that community shopping centers provide opportunities for residents to exchange and experience various themes. In category 5, the consumption space composite function, which represents five items: diversity, ambiguity, complexity, variability, and transistory, means community shopping centers provide residents with leisure activities, tourism experience, and learning growth. (Conclusions) A total of spatial functions of five community shopping centers, including social resource sharing, daily life service, natural ecological connection, culture and arts revitalization, and consumption space complex, can be used as the spatial improvement strategies of China's future community shopping center and provide theoretical guidance to solve the problems existing in the development of Chinese shopping centers and community commerce.
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