소규모 가구 공동주택 커뮤니티 활성화를 위한 공용공간 특화계획 특성에 관한 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Currently, Korea has experienced an ultra-low birth rate for over 20 years, attributed to factors like individualistic societal trends and an increase in dual-income-no-kids (DINK) households. By 2025, the country is poised to transition into a super-aged society due to is aging population. The rise in single-person households has led to issues such as heightened social isolation due to reduced interactions. In response to these social challenges, the construction industry is expanding residential offerings in medium and small-scale equilibrium zones within apartment planning. It also proposes spatial solutions to address aging and low birth rates through specialized designs and configurations of diverse public spaces. This study aims to identify domestic and international cases where community revitalization is instigated within complexes through the utilization of public spaces among residents, as part of these proposed spatial solutions. (Method) Given the growing number of small households, this study examined domestic and foreign international cases of public rental housing complexes, particularly in new city developments in Korea through literature data and data analysis. For international cases, the focus was on the planning and utilization of public spaces within publicly developed apartment complexes, identifying the respective pros and cons of each case. (Results) The case analysis revealed variations in the utilization of public spaces within each complex concerning community connections and the nature of the layout intended to stimulate community revitalization. Community revitalization takes on diverse forms aimed at ensuring residents' basic living rights, and as the demand for small-scale residential environments persists and grows, specialized spatial plans are being developed in apartment complexes based on community activities. This shows the process of generating and activating community participation among residents and regions while supporting domestic societal issues in spatial planning. (Conclusions) The conclusions drawn from the findings of this study are as follows. Firstly, it is deemed imperative to consider the direction of community activation through regional connectivity aligning with the specific tendency of complexes where small households are concentrated. Secondly, specialized factors for senior generations are needed so that intergenerational exchanges can be activated by inducing double-income households to leave their children to their parents and go out. Thirdly, it was found that there are many cases of inducing communities mainly in outdoor spaces rather than inside the main building. Initiatives to foster interactions among neighbors within the same building, facilitated by specialized public spaces, will naturally extend to broader local community activities.