장소지향적 경찰활동과 정책적 함의
Place-Based Policing and Policy Implications
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Place-based policing has been emerged as an effective crime prevention strategy for law enforcement agencies in United States. Nevertheless, police force in non-western countries including South Korea still focuses on person-based policing or traditional policing. That is, the center of police practices include identifying criminal offenders and bringing those criminals into the criminal justice system. It is true that some of crime prevention strategies in South Korea are based on the contexts of places rather than criminals. Korean National Police Agency (KNPA), for example, has been implemented CompStat to prevent crimes and solve social problems. However, there is relatively little study on place-based policing and its theoretical foundation and effectiveness. In order to implement place-based policing strategies in effect ways, it is essential to understand the contexts of place-based policing. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to review theoretical background and prior literature of place-based policing. The comprehensive review reveals that place-based policing has more advantages than person-based policing. In particular, a substantial body of empirical research confirms that place-based policing is more efficient, has strong empirical evidences, and cause less problems than traditional policing. Thus, it is concluded that place-based policing could be an effective crime prevention and control strategy for the police force in South Korea. Finally, the authors suggest three practical policy implications to enhance police practices in South Korea.
Abstract
Place-based policing has been emerged as an effective crime prevention strategy for law enforcement agencies in United States. Nevertheless, police force in non-western countries including South Korea still focuses on person-based policing or traditional policing. That is, the center of police practices include identifying criminal offenders and bringing those criminals into the criminal justice system. It is true that some of crime prevention strategies in South Korea are based on the contexts of places rather than criminals. Korean National Police Agency (KNPA), for example, has been implemented CompStat to prevent crimes and solve social problems. However, there is relatively little study on place-based policing and its theoretical foundation and effectiveness. In order to implement place-based policing strategies in effect ways, it is essential to understand the contexts of place-based policing. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to review theoretical background and prior literature of place-based policing. The comprehensive review reveals that place-based policing has more advantages than person-based policing. In particular, a substantial body of empirical research confirms that place-based policing is more efficient, has strong empirical evidences, and cause less problems than traditional policing. Thus, it is concluded that place-based policing could be an effective crime prevention and control strategy for the police force in South Korea. Finally, the authors suggest three practical policy implications to enhance police practices in South Korea.
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