린다 호건 작품에 드러난 아메리카 원주민 고래잡이에 대한 환경적 논쟁
Environmental Controversy over Native American Whale Hunt in Linda Hogan
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The question whether Native American culture is always nature-friendly and environment-friendly is asked among Native Americans as well as outside the Native American community. The debate is focused on the question the Makah ask themselves about the long tradition of whaling. Considerable disagreement arises among the Makah tribesmen about resuming whale hunt which they stopped around 70 years ago. Linda Hogan wrote a novel called People of the Whale based on this controversy over the Makah's proposed return to whaling. I analyze People of the Whale, connecting with the problematic issues of the Makah whaling, and thus trying to conduct an interdisciplinary fusion study between ecological humanities and ecological sociology. This study firstly looks into the historical, social, and cultural backgrounds of the Makah whaling and different opinions on the Makah's resuming whale hunt. Secondly, I explore the relationship between the A'atsika and whales and traditional ways of the A'atsika whaling in People of the Whale based on the Makah story to understand the controversial issues over the Makah whaling. Thirdly, I trace the long psychological and spatial journey of Thomas Witka Just, who is one of the A'atsika tribesmen and joins whaling after returning from the Vietnam war. Lastly, this paper focuses on the conflicts and double values of exercising their historic treaty rights of whaling along with the controversial double life of Thomas Witka Just. Linda Hogan tries to seek out answers for the environmental and moral ethics and values through A'atsika/Makah tradition and culture, and an individual's tragic experience.
Abstract
The question whether Native American culture is always nature-friendly and environment-friendly is asked among Native Americans as well as outside the Native American community. The debate is focused on the question the Makah ask themselves about the long tradition of whaling. Considerable disagreement arises among the Makah tribesmen about resuming whale hunt which they stopped around 70 years ago. Linda Hogan wrote a novel called People of the Whale based on this controversy over the Makah's proposed return to whaling. I analyze People of the Whale, connecting with the problematic issues of the Makah whaling, and thus trying to conduct an interdisciplinary fusion study between ecological humanities and ecological sociology. This study firstly looks into the historical, social, and cultural backgrounds of the Makah whaling and different opinions on the Makah's resuming whale hunt. Secondly, I explore the relationship between the A'atsika and whales and traditional ways of the A'atsika whaling in People of the Whale based on the Makah story to understand the controversial issues over the Makah whaling. Thirdly, I trace the long psychological and spatial journey of Thomas Witka Just, who is one of the A'atsika tribesmen and joins whaling after returning from the Vietnam war. Lastly, this paper focuses on the conflicts and double values of exercising their historic treaty rights of whaling along with the controversial double life of Thomas Witka Just. Linda Hogan tries to seek out answers for the environmental and moral ethics and values through A'atsika/Makah tradition and culture, and an individual's tragic experience.
참고문헌 (23)
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