Gregory Bateson’s Ecological Poesis and Wallace Stevens’ “On an Old Horn”
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The term “ecocriticism” implies the struggles between ecology and literary criticism. In this essay it is practiced on the ground of the poetry of Wallace Stevens. In the first section, important criteria for considering a text to be environmental writing will be examined against differing views of Stevens as an environmental writer. Specifically, the relevance of Stevens’s position regarding a humanist, ethical orientation to the natural world will be called into question: Does his writing prescribe or describe a particular organicism? And what role does aesthetics play in Stevens’s ecology? Where most critics must first account for Stevens reputation as a writer of “pure poetry” that is merely decorative and language-based, a Batesonian approach allows an ecocritical approach to Stevens that privileges aesthetics as a way to show correspondences between art and nature. The second section notes correspondences between the poem “On an Old Horn” and Gregory Bateson’s theory regarding the mental aspects inherent to both human culture and ecosystems. For Bateson this scientific “panpsychism” is based on his systems theory of learning, specifically a type of formal reasoning termed abduction, or metaphorical reasoning. The conclusion of this paper proposes that poetry relates to culture in Gregory Bateson’s Ecological Poesis and Wallace Stevens’ “On an Old Horn” 221 ecologically adaptive or maladaptive ways.
Abstract
The term “ecocriticism” implies the struggles between ecology and literary criticism. In this essay it is practiced on the ground of the poetry of Wallace Stevens. In the first section, important criteria for considering a text to be environmental writing will be examined against differing views of Stevens as an environmental writer. Specifically, the relevance of Stevens’s position regarding a humanist, ethical orientation to the natural world will be called into question: Does his writing prescribe or describe a particular organicism? And what role does aesthetics play in Stevens’s ecology? Where most critics must first account for Stevens reputation as a writer of “pure poetry” that is merely decorative and language-based, a Batesonian approach allows an ecocritical approach to Stevens that privileges aesthetics as a way to show correspondences between art and nature. The second section notes correspondences between the poem “On an Old Horn” and Gregory Bateson’s theory regarding the mental aspects inherent to both human culture and ecosystems. For Bateson this scientific “panpsychism” is based on his systems theory of learning, specifically a type of formal reasoning termed abduction, or metaphorical reasoning. The conclusion of this paper proposes that poetry relates to culture in Gregory Bateson’s Ecological Poesis and Wallace Stevens’ “On an Old Horn” 221 ecologically adaptive or maladaptive ways.
참고문헌 (27)
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