정몽주와 송시열의 춘추정신과 대명의식

Abstract

Song Si-yol was more respectful of Chung Mong-ju than anyone else. Chung Mong-ju displayed his ability in his diplomatic activities during the replacement period of Yuan-Ming(元明) at the end of Goryeo Dynasty. Through Song Si-yeol's assessment of Chung Mong-ju's awareness of China and diplomatic activities, we can understand the significance and practical reality of Chung Mong-ju and Song Si-yeol's consciousness of ‘Serving Ming dynasty as the nation of king’. However, Chung Mong-ju and Song Si-yeol had high expectations to aspire China civilization, which is an advanced culture, but the actual international diplomatic situation did not. Also, the historical situation of Chung Mong-ju and Song Si-yeol was different. Chung Mong-ju sought to establish a rational relationship with a strong nation during the 14th century, to secure the independence of Goryeo dynasty beyond the oppressive subordination by the Yuan dynasty. Chung Mong-ju had engaged in realistic diplomacy, rather than applying historical consciousness of the authenticity and Huai(華夷) theory to foreign policy. It was done according to the national power of Ming by experience of the Nanjing envoy. Chung Mong-ju proposed practical diplomatic measures to reform the country's domestic affairs and secure independent rights, breaking away from the won's military threat due to his alliance with the great powers. In comparison, Song's attitude toward the Ming dynasty was very strong in the spirit of the ‘Serving Ming dynasty as the nation of king.’ Song Si-yeol lived during the replacement period of Ming-Ching(明淸) and wanted to maintain Chosun dynasty as a subordinate for "Jaejo Ji-eun"(再造之恩) during the Japanese Invasion of Korea. It is believed that Chung Mong-ju conducted diplomacy in practical terms, and that Song Si-yeol intended to implement relations in a justifiable sense. Chung Mong-ju had a strong sense of national security through the "A small country serves a big country", rather than the Huai(華夷) theory, and Song Si-yeol had a strong sense of justification based on the human-rights ideology.