본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

L2 Grit as a Predictor of L2 WTC and Foreign Language Anxiety: Focusing on Chinese L2 Korean Learners

2

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류한국어와문학

초록

This paper explores the influence of learners’ L2 grit, which consists of perseverance of effort (PE) and consistency of interest (CI), on L2 Korean learning by analyzing its effect on L2 willingness to communicate (WTC) and foreign language anxiety among L2 Korean learners. Using a self-reported questionnaire, 243 Chinese-L1 learners provided valid data. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were performed to identify potential relationships between these four latent variables. The results indicated that both lower-level components of L2 grit positively predicted L2 WTC, but that PE’s predictive power was substantially more potent than that of CI. CI also emerged as a significant negative predictor of foreign language anxiety, whereas PE’s influence on foreign language anxiety could not be established. In addition, the negative impact of foreign language anxiety on L2 WTC was also confirmed.

Abstract

This paper explores the influence of learners’ L2 grit, which consists of perseverance of effort (PE) and consistency of interest (CI), on L2 Korean learning by analyzing its effect on L2 willingness to communicate (WTC) and foreign language anxiety among L2 Korean learners. Using a self-reported questionnaire, 243 Chinese-L1 learners provided valid data. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were performed to identify potential relationships between these four latent variables. The results indicated that both lower-level components of L2 grit positively predicted L2 WTC, but that PE’s predictive power was substantially more potent than that of CI. CI also emerged as a significant negative predictor of foreign language anxiety, whereas PE’s influence on foreign language anxiety could not be established. In addition, the negative impact of foreign language anxiety on L2 WTC was also confirmed.

참고문헌 (100)

  1. Alamer, A., "Grit and language learning : construct validation of L2-Grit scale and its relation to later vocabulary knowledge", Educational Psychology, 41, pp.1~18 (2021)
  2. Allport, G. W., "Pattern and growth in personality" (1961), Holt, Rinehart & Winston
  3. Alpert, R., "Anxiety in academic achievement situations", Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 61, pp.207~215 (1960)
  4. Baker, S. C., "The role of gender and immersion in communication and second language orientation", Language Learning, 50, pp.311~341 (2000)
  5. Baran-Łucarz, M., "The link between pronunciation anxiety and willingness to communicate in the foreign-language classroom : The Polish EFL context", The Canadian Modern Language Review, 70(4), pp.445~473 (2014)
  6. Bentler, P. M., "EQS structural equations program manual" (1995), Multivariate Software Inc
  7. Bentler, P. M., "Significance Tests and Goodness of Fit in the of Covariance Structures", Psychological Bulletin, 88, pp.288~606 (1980)
  8. Bollen, K. A., "Structural equations with latent variables" (1989), Wiley
  9. Botes, E., "The foreign language classroom anxiety scale and academic achievement : An overview of the prevailing literature and a meta-analysis", Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning, 2(1), pp.26~56 (2020)
  10. Caspi, A., "Handbook of personality psychology: Theory and research" (1999), Guilford Press
  11. Changlek, A., "Motivation and grit : Predictors of language learning achievement", Veridian E-Journal, 8, pp.23~38 (2015)
  12. Chan, B., "The WTC scale as a predictor of classroom participation", Communication Research Reports, 4, pp.47~50 (1987)
  13. Credé, M., "Much ado about grit : A meta-analytic synthesis of the grit literature", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113(3), pp.492~511 (2017)
  14. Datu, J. A. D., "The psychology of Asian learners: A festschrift in honor of David Watkins", pp.503~516 (2016), Springer Asia
  15. DeKeyser, R., "Theories in second language acquisition: An introduction", pp.94~112 (2020), Routledge
  16. Dewaele, J. M., "New insights into language anxiety: Theory, research and educational implications", pp.70~91 (2017), Multilingual Matters
  17. Dewaele, J-M., "The two faces of Janus? Anxiety and enjoyment in the foreign language classroom", Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 4(2), pp.237~274 (2014)
  18. Disabato, D. J., "Is grit relevant to well-being and strengths? Evidence across the globe for separating perseverance of effort and consistency of interests", Journal of Personality, 87(2), pp.194~211 (2019)
  19. Dörnyei, Z., "Innovations and Challenges in Language Learning Motivation" (2020), Routledge
  20. Dörnyei, Z., "Questionnaires in Second Language Research : Construction, Administration, and Processing" (2023), Routledge
  21. Dörnyei, Z., "Teaching and Researching Motivation" (2021), Routledge
  22. Duckworth, A. L., "International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences (Vol. 10)", pp.397~401 (2015), Elsevier
  23. Duckworth, A., "Self-control and grit : Related but separable determinants of success", Current Directions in Psychological science, 23(5), pp.319~325 (2014)
  24. Duckworth, A. L., "Grit : Perseverance and passion for long term goals", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, pp.1087~1101 (2007)
  25. Ebadi, S., "Developing an Iranian ELT context-specific grit instrument", Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 47(4), pp.975~997 (2018)
  26. Ebn-Abbasi, F., "EFL learners’ grit, classroom enjoyment and their willingness to communicate : Iranian public school versus private English language institute learners", Asian Journal of Second Language Education, 7, pp.24~ (2022)
  27. Eskreis-Winkler, L., "The grit effect : Predicting retention in the military, the workplace, school and marriage", Frontiers in Psychology, 5, pp.36~ (2014)
  28. Elkhafaifi, H., "Listening comprehension and anxiety in the Arabic language classroom", Modern Language Journal, 89(2), pp.206~220 (2005)
  29. Eysenck, H. J., "The biological basis of personality" (1967), Thomas
  30. Eysenck, M. W., "New perspectives in attentional control theory", Personality and Individual Differences, 50(7), pp.955~960 (2011)
  31. Field, A. P., "Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics" (2018), SAGE Publications
  32. Fredrickson, B. L., "Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol.47)", pp.1~54 (2013), Academic Press
  33. Freiermuth, M., "Willingness to communicate : Can online chat help", International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 16, pp.190~213 (2006)
  34. Gardner, R. C., "Integrative motivation and second language acquisition", Motivation and Second Language Acquisition, 23(1), pp.1~19 (2001)
  35. Gass, S. M, "Second Language Acquisition : An Introductory Course" (2020), Routledge
  36. Giordano, M. J., "Grit and Intrinsic Motivation for Language Learning : Instrument Validation Using the Rasch Model", Shiken, 23, pp.38~42 (2019)
  37. Hair, J. F., "Multivariate analysis" (2018), Pearson Prentice
  38. Haslam, N., "An Introduction to Personality, Individual Differences and Intelligence" (2017), Sage
  39. Hiver, P., "The Routledge Handbook of the Psychology of Language Learning and Teaching", pp.205~217 (2022), Routledge
  40. Horwitz, E. K., "Language anxiety and achievement", Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 21, pp.112~126 (2001)
  41. Horwitz, E. K., "Foreign and second language anxiety", Language Teaching, 43, pp.154~167 (2010)
  42. Horwitz, E. K., "New insights into language anxiety: Theory, research and educational implications", pp.31~47 (2017), Multilingual Matters
  43. Horwitz, E. K., "Foreign language classroom anxiety", Modern Language Journal, 70, pp.125~132 (1986)
  44. Hu, L. T., "Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance analysis : Conventional criteria versus new alternatives", Structural Modeling : A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), pp.1~55 (1999)
  45. LISREL VI : Analysis of liner structural relationships by maximum likelihood, instrumental variables, and least square methods, "Jöreskog, K. G.", Scientific Software, ~ (1984)
  46. Jin, Y., "Motivating students to actively engage in EFL classrooms : Exploring the role of L2 grit and foreign language enjoyment", Learning and Motivation, 85, pp.101960~ (2024)
  47. Keegan, K., "Identifying and Building Grit in Language Learners", English Teaching Forum, 55(3), pp.2~9 (2017)
  48. Khajavy, G. H., "The contribution of grit, emotions and personal bests to foreign language learning", Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, pp.1~15 (2022)
  49. Khajavy, G. H., "Role of the emotions and classroom environment in to communicate : Applying doubly latent multilevel analysis in second language acquisition", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 40(3), pp.605~624 (2018)
  50. Khajavy, G. H., "New perspectives on willingness to communicate in a second language", pp.169~197 (2021), Springer
  51. Kramer, B., "Student grittiness : A pilot study investigating scholarly persistence in EFL classrooms", Journal of Osaka Jogakuin College, 47, pp.25~41 (2017)
  52. Kim, H., "The Influence of Intimacy and Trust that Learners Studying Korean Feel about Teachers on Grit : Focusing on Chinese Learners Studying Korean", Journal of Korean Language Education, 31(2), pp.53~76 (2020)
  53. Kline, R. B., "Principles and Practices of Structural Equation Modeling" (2016), The Guilford Press
  54. Lake, J., "Language learning motivation in Japan", pp.71~225 (2013), Multilingual Matters
  55. Lee, H., "A study on the Effects of Korean learners’ Grit and Self-efficacy on Learning Flow: Focusing on path analysis and mediating effects", doctor, pp.2021
  56. Lee, H., "The Effects of Korean Learners’ Grit and Self-efficacy on Korean Proficiency : Focusing on Thai Korean learners", Journal of the International Network for Korean Language and Culture, 18(3), pp.175~207 (2021)
  57. Lee, H., "The Effects of Grit and Self-regulatory Efficacy on Korean Grades in Korean Language Learners : Focusing on regression analysis and mediating effect", Bilingual Research, 79, pp.193~216 (2020)
  58. Lee, J. S., "The role of grit and classroom enjoyment in EFL learners’ willingness to communicate", Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 43(5), pp.452~468 (2022)
  59. Lee, J. S., "Affective factors, virtual intercultural experiences, and L2 willingness to communicate in in-class, out-of-class, and digital settings", Language Teaching Research, 24(6), pp.813~833 (2020)
  60. Lee, J. S., "Affective variables and willingness to communicate of EFL learners in in-class, out-of-class, and digital contexts", System, 82, pp.63~73 (2019)
  61. Li, C., "How Classroom Environment and General Grit Predict ForeignLanguage Classroom Anxiety of Chinese EFL Students", Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning, 3(2), pp.86~98 (2021)
  62. Li, Z., "A Study on the Correlation between Grit and MBTI Personality Types of Chinese Korean Learners with Learning Types", Master, pp.2023
  63. Liu, E., "Validation of L2 grit among Chinese EFL high school students and its enduring effect on achievements : A bifactor model approach", Frontiers in Psychology, 13, pp.971495~ (2022)
  64. Liu, J., "The role of grit in students’ L2 engagement in the English as a foreign language classroom", Frontiers in Psychology, 12, pp.749844~ (2021)
  65. Liu, M., "Anxiety in Chinese EFL students at different proficiency levels", System, 34(3), pp.301~316 (2006)
  66. Liu, M., "Bilingual", multilingual learners’ willingness to communicate in and anxiety on speaking Chinese and their associations with self-rated proficiency in Chinese, 2018, pp.21(1), 54~69
  67. Liu, M., "An exploration of Chinese EFL learners’ unwillingness to communicate and foreign language anxiety", The Modern Language Journal, 92(1), pp.71~86 (2008)
  68. Lou, N. M., "Changing language mindsets: Implications for goal orientations and responses to failure in and outside the second language classroom", Contemporary. Educational Psychology, 46, pp.22~33 (2016)
  69. Mageau, G., "The role of self-esteem contingencies in the distinction between obsessive and harmonious passion", European Journal of Social Psychology, 6, pp.720~729 (2011)
  70. MacIntyre, P. D., "Conceptualizing willingness to communicate in an L2 : A situational model of L2 confidence and affiliation", Modern Language Journal, 82, pp.545~562 (1998)
  71. MacIntyre, P. D., "Methods and results in the study of anxiety and language learning : A review of the literature", Language learning, 41(1), pp.85~117 (1991)
  72. MacIntyre, P. D., "The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Individual Differences", pp.175~189 (2022), Routledge
  73. McCroskey, J. C., "Reliability and validity of the willingness to communicate scale", Communication Quarterly, 40, pp.16~25 (1992)
  74. Mischel, W., "The coherence of personality: Social-cognitive bases of consistency, variability, and organization", pp.37~60 (1999), Guilford Press
  75. Ożańska-Ponikwia, K., "Personality and Emotional Intelligence in Second Language Learning" (2018), Cambridge Scholars Publishing
  76. Ożańska-Ponikwia, K., "Personality and L2 use : The advantage of being openminded and self confident in an immigrant context", EUROSLA Yearbook, 12, pp.112~134 (2012)
  77. Pattapong, K., "Willingness to communicate in a second language: A qualitative study of issues affecting Thai EFL learners from students’ and teachers’ point of view", doctor, pp.2010
  78. Peng, J-E., "The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Individual Differences", pp.159~171 (2022), Routledge
  79. Peng, J-E., "Willingness to communicate in English : A model in the Chinese EFL classroom context", Language Learning, 60, pp.834~876 (2010)
  80. Pervin, L. A., "Personality : Theory and research" (2018), John Wiley & Sons
  81. Peterson, C., "Character strengths and virtues : A handbook and classification" (2004), American Psychological Association
  82. Reeve, J., "Understanding motivation and emotion" (2015), Wiley
  83. Ryan, R. M., "Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being", American Psychologist, 55(1), pp.68~78 (2000)
  84. Promoting grit, tenacity, and perseverance : Critical factors for success in the 21st century, "Shechtman, N.", US Department of Education, Office of Education Technology, ~ (2013)
  85. Sellers, V. D., "Anxiety and reading comprehension in Spanish as a foreign language", Foreign Language Annals, 33(5), pp.512~520 (2000)
  86. Solhi, M., "Associations between EFL students’ L2 grit, boredom coping strategies, and emotion regulation strategies: a structural equation modeling approach", Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, pp.1~20 (2023)
  87. Strayhorn, T. L., "What role does grit play in the academic success of black male collegians at predominantly white institutions", Journal of African American Studies, 18, pp.1~10 (2014)
  88. Sverdlik, A., "Examining the role of passion in university students’ academic emotions, self-regulated learning and well-being", Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 28(2), pp.426~448 (2022)
  89. Teimouri, Y., "Second language anxiety and achievement : A meta-analysis", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 41(2), pp.363~387 (2018)
  90. Tseng, W. T., "A new approach to assessing strategic learning : The case of self-regulation in vocabulary acquisition", Applied linguistics, 27(1), pp.78~102 (2006)
  91. Teimouri, Y., "L2 grit : Passion and perseverance for second-language learning", Language Teaching Research, 26(5), pp.893~918 (2022)
  92. Vallerand, Robert J., "The psychology of passion : A dualistic model" (2015), Oxford University Press
  93. Von Culin, K. R., "Unpacking grit : Motivational correlates of perseverance and passion for long-term goals", The Journal of Positive Psychology, 9, pp.306~312 (2014)
  94. Yashima, T., "The Routledge Handbook of the Psychology of Language Learning and Teaching", pp.260~271 (2022), Routledge
  95. Wei, H., "Understanding the relationship between grit and foreign language performance among middle school students : The roles of foreign language enjoyment and classroom environment", Frontiers in Psychology, 10, pp.1508~ (2019)
  96. Yashima, T., "Willingness to communicate in a second language : The Japanese EFL context", The Modern Language Journal, 86, pp.54~66 (2002)
  97. Yashima, T., "Motivation, language identity and the L2 self", pp.144~163 (2009), Multilingual Matters
  98. Zhang, X., "Foreign language anxiety and listening performance : Conceptualizations and causal relationships", System, 41(1), pp.165~177 (2013)
  99. Zhang, X., "Foreign language anxiety and foreign language performance : A meta-analysis", The Modern Language Journal, 103(4), pp.763~781 (2019)
  100. Zhao, X., "Grit, emotions, and their effects on ethnic minority students’ English language learning achievements : A structural equation modelling analysis", System, 102979 (2023)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (11건)