마이크로 스트립 안테나에서 표면파 효율 개선
Improvement of Surface Wave Efficiency in Microstrip Antenna
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초록
대역폭 향상과 안테나 효율의 증대를 위하여 표면파 및 측면파 여기가 감소된 안테나로서 제안된다. 패치의 공동모드에 대한 이론적인 분석을 하여 안테나의 설계 절차로 이어질 수 있도록 하고, 소프트웨어를 사용한 시뮬레이션 결과로 표면파와 측면파의 감소를 확인한다. 제시된 마이크로 스트립 패치 안테나의 설계에서 주어진 유전율과 기판 두께에 대해 대역폭에 상당한 영향을 미칠 수있는 양호도 제어가 안테나 손실에 포함된다. 대역폭의 이득은 일정하기 때문에, 원하는 방사 패턴을 보장하면서 패치 안테나의 대역폭을 개선하기위한 노력이 이루어졌고, 임피던스 정합, Q 인자, 대역폭 및 주파수 보정에 대한 기판 상위층의 효과에 대해 분석하였다. 두 개의 재질로 된 경계면상에서 TE파와 TM파의 전계성분과 자계성분을 해석하고, 표면 임피던스를 구하였다. 에지에서의 회절과 상호 결합을 줄이기 위한 방안이 제시되었다. 표면파 감소를 위한 전자기 밴드갭 모델을 제안하고 효율적 에칭방법과 밴드갭 셀 모형을 제시하였다.
Abstract
In order to improve the bandwidth and increase the antenna efficiency, it is proposed that the surface wave and the lateral wave excitation are reduced. The theoretical analysis of the common mode of the patch leads to the design procedure of the antenna, and the reduction of the surface wave and the side wave is confirmed by the simulation result using the software. In the design of microstrip patch antenna presented in this paper, the antenna losses are therefore contained by controlling those quality factors which can have significant impact on bandwidth for given permittivity and substrate thickness. The gain of bandwidth product is a constant, therefore an effort has been made to improve the bandwidth of the patch antenna while ensuring desired radiation pattern. The effect of cover layer on impedance matching, Q factor hence bandwidth and frequency correction is discussed. The electric field and magnetic field components of the TE wave and the TM wave were analyzed using boundary condition between two materials, and the surface impedance was obtained. A method has been proposed to reduce the diffraction and mutual coupling at the edge of the substrade. An electromagnetic bandgap model for surface wave reduction is proposed and the efficient etching method and bandgap cell model is also introduced.
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