인공지능기반 디지털농업 기술개발 동향
Trends in the Development of Artificial Intelligence-based Digital Agricultural Technology
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초록
현재 우리나라의 농가의 인력난은 심각한 상황이며 소득 또한 감소하는 추세이다. 이에 대응책이 필요한 실정이며 현재 농업 체제에서 디지털 농업으로의 전환이 요구된다. 디지털 농업으로 가기 위해서는 인공지능기술이 필수적인데 이 논문에서는 인공지능기반 디지털 농업 기술 개발 동향에 대해 알아보도록 하겠다. 인공지능은 아직 까지는 인간의 능력을 완벽히 구현하기에 한계가 있지만 여러 분야와 융합하여 활용되고 있다. 의료분야나 제조업 혹은 자동차 분야에서도 발 빠른 기술 개발이 이루어지고 있으며 이 논문에서 말할 농업 분야에서도 인공지능은 각광받는 분야이다. 본래 농업은 다른 분야에 비해 노동강도가 높고 많은 노동력을 필요로 하며 IT 기술의 접목이 적다. 하지만 근래에 들어 인공지능 기술을 활용한 로봇이 인력을 대신하여 작물을 관리하고 수확하거나 방제 드론을 활용하여 농약을 살포하는 등 점차 자동화가 되는 추세이다. 이처럼 농업 기술에 대한 개발이 이루어진다면 가까운 미래에는 농업이 인력이 필요한 일이 아닌 인공지능이 대체 할 수 있는 분야가 될 것이다.
Abstract
Currently, the labor shortage of farm households in Korea is serious, and income is also on the decline. There is a need for countermeasures against this, and the transition from the current agricultural system to digital agriculture is required. Artificial intelligence technology is essential to go to digital agriculture. In this paper, we will look into the development trend of artificial intelligence-based digital agriculture technology. Although artificial intelligence is still limited in fully realizing human capabilities, it is being used in fusion with various fields. Rapid technological development is taking place in the medical field, manufacturing or automobile fields, and artificial intelligence is also in the spotlight in the agricultural field, which will be discussed in this thesis. Compared to other fields, agriculture is inherently more labor intensive, requires a lot of manpower, and has little IT technology grafting. However, in recent years, robots using artificial intelligence technology are gradually becoming automated, such as managing and harvesting crops instead of manpower or spraying pesticides using control drones. If agricultural technology is developed like this, in the near future, agriculture will become a field that can be replaced by artificial intelligence rather than a job that requires manpower.
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