외상적 기억이 남긴 상흔의 치유: 팀 오브라이언의 『칠월, 칠월』과 이창래의 『항복자들』을 중심으로
Healing the Scars Left by Traumatic Memory: Focused on Tim O’Brien’s July, July & Chang-Rae Lee’s The Surrendered
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Trauma is one of psychiatric terms which refers to a phenomenon provoked by unexpected collapse or breakdown of human mind. The protective curtain of human conscience can be broken by the internal or external strong stimulation, that is, an "overwhelming experience of sudden or catastrophic events." Self is crushed and mediation or the power of control is deprived by the uncontrollable repetitive appearance of hallucinations and other intrusive phenomena. Self who experiences traumatic events suppresses his/her experience unconsciously. But the traumatic memory of past doesn't disappear and rises repetitively to the surface of subject's consciousness without any previous warning, even though a certain time has past. Consequently, traumatic memory destroys the emotional balance and then self is fragmented. Tim O’Brien’s July, July and Chang-Rae Lee’s The Surrendered are works which embody the problems of trauma in literature. Main characters in these works experience "intense fear, helplessness, loss of control, and threat of annihilation." But these two writers argue that writing about trauma(Trauma Narrative) can lead toward individual and collective healing and alleviation of symptoms. In other words, they believe in the healing functions of trauma literature. So, while describing the individual's traumatic experience, they present the possibility of recovering from trauma through the episodes of ‘a game called Truth,' ‘chorus of Darton Hall College's ‘69 graduate,' ‘The book of A Memory of Solferino,' and ‘A trip to Solferino.' This paper explores how traumatic events or memory intrude the present life of main characters, make them feel guilty, and bring about isolation or severance by splitting self. Futhermore, this study points out that Tim O’Brien’s and Lee, Chang-Rae assert that the ‘interactive communication, understanding and appreciation, and love between humans' are needed to heal and overcome the scars left by traumatic memory.
Abstract
Trauma is one of psychiatric terms which refers to a phenomenon provoked by unexpected collapse or breakdown of human mind. The protective curtain of human conscience can be broken by the internal or external strong stimulation, that is, an "overwhelming experience of sudden or catastrophic events." Self is crushed and mediation or the power of control is deprived by the uncontrollable repetitive appearance of hallucinations and other intrusive phenomena. Self who experiences traumatic events suppresses his/her experience unconsciously. But the traumatic memory of past doesn't disappear and rises repetitively to the surface of subject's consciousness without any previous warning, even though a certain time has past. Consequently, traumatic memory destroys the emotional balance and then self is fragmented. Tim O’Brien’s July, July and Chang-Rae Lee’s The Surrendered are works which embody the problems of trauma in literature. Main characters in these works experience "intense fear, helplessness, loss of control, and threat of annihilation." But these two writers argue that writing about trauma(Trauma Narrative) can lead toward individual and collective healing and alleviation of symptoms. In other words, they believe in the healing functions of trauma literature. So, while describing the individual's traumatic experience, they present the possibility of recovering from trauma through the episodes of ‘a game called Truth,' ‘chorus of Darton Hall College's ‘69 graduate,' ‘The book of A Memory of Solferino,' and ‘A trip to Solferino.' This paper explores how traumatic events or memory intrude the present life of main characters, make them feel guilty, and bring about isolation or severance by splitting self. Futhermore, this study points out that Tim O’Brien’s and Lee, Chang-Rae assert that the ‘interactive communication, understanding and appreciation, and love between humans' are needed to heal and overcome the scars left by traumatic memory.
참고문헌 (24)
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