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Postracial Hopes and Doubts in George Schuyler’s Black No More

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In the era of globalization and multiculturalism, many predict that America will become a raceless society in the near future, arguing that race is fading in America due to immigration, interethnic marriage, and biotechnology to change skin color. However, many also challenge the “race-over” thesis and the idealized vision of the nation, emphasizing that race is not just biological but deeply connected to the social and economic structure. Written in the early twentieth century and depicting a demographic change of the United States finally to mulatto, George Schuyler’s 1931 novel Black No More prefigures the contemporary debate on a postracial America and the doubts many have regarding this idea. I analyze how the novel shows the complexity of race in American society, delineating the privilege and power of whiteness and the constructed relation between race and class.

Abstract

In the era of globalization and multiculturalism, many predict that America will become a raceless society in the near future, arguing that race is fading in America due to immigration, interethnic marriage, and biotechnology to change skin color. However, many also challenge the “race-over” thesis and the idealized vision of the nation, emphasizing that race is not just biological but deeply connected to the social and economic structure. Written in the early twentieth century and depicting a demographic change of the United States finally to mulatto, George Schuyler’s 1931 novel Black No More prefigures the contemporary debate on a postracial America and the doubts many have regarding this idea. I analyze how the novel shows the complexity of race in American society, delineating the privilege and power of whiteness and the constructed relation between race and class.

참고문헌 (21)

  1. Favor, J. Martin, "Authentic Blackness: The Folk in the New Negro Renaissance", pp.111~136 (1999), Duke UP
  2. Goyal, Yogita, "Black Nationalist Hokum: George Schuyler’s Transnational Critique", African American Review, 47(1), pp.21~36 (2014)
  3. Greer, Colin, "The 60s Without Apology", pp.119~136 (1984), U of Minnesota P
  4. Harris, Cheryl I., "Whiteness as Property", Harvard Law Review, 106(8), pp.1707~1791 (1993)
  5. Hartman, Saidiya V., "Scenes of Subjection: Terror, Slavery, and Self-making in Nineteenth-Century America", pp.17~48 (1997), Oxford UP
  6. Haslam, Jason, "‘The Open Sesame of a Pork-Colored Skin’: Whiteness and Privilege in Black No More", Modern Language Studies, 32(1), pp.15~30 (2002)
  7. Hughes, Langston, "The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain", The Nation, pp.692~694 (1926)
  8. Joo, Hee-Jung Serenity, "Miscegenation, Assimilation, and Consumption:Racial Passing in George Schuyler’s Black No More and Eric Liu’s The Accidental Asian", MELUS, 33(3), pp.169~190 (2008)
  9. Kuenz, Jane, "The Harlem Renaissance Re-Examined", pp.197~211 (1997), AMS Press
  10. Lipsitz, George, "The Possessive Investment in Whiteness: How White People Profit from Identity Politics" (1998), Temple UP
  11. Mills, Joseph, "The Absurdity of America: George S. Schuyler’s Black No More", EnterText, 1(1), pp.127~148 (2000)
  12. Morgan, Stacy, "‘The Strange and Wonderful Workings of Science’:Race Science and Essentialism in George Schuyler’s Black No More", CLA Journal, 42(3), pp.331~352 (1999)
  13. Patterson, Orlando, "TRB From Washington: Race Over", The New Republic, ~ (2000)
  14. Retman, Sonnet H., "Black No More: George Schuyler and Racial Capitalism", PMLA, 123(5), pp.1448~1464 (2008)
  15. Roediger, David R., "Colored White: Transcending the Racial Past" (2002), U of California P
  16. Roediger, David R., "The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class" (1991), Verso
  17. Roediger, David R., "The Production of Difference:Race and the Management of Labor in U.S. History" (2012), Oxford UP
  18. Rutledge, Gregory E., "Futurist Fiction & Fantasy: The Racial Establishment", Callaloo, 24(1), pp.236~252 (2001)
  19. Schuyler, George, "Black No More" (2008), Olympia Press
  20. Schuyler, George, "The Negro Art Hokum", The Nation, 662~663 (1926)

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