간모세선충(Capillaria hepatica) 표피의 미세구조
Ultrastructure of the Integument of Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepatica)
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간모세선충(Capillaria hepatica)은 설치류와 인간을 포함한 포유류의 간에 모세선충증(capillariasis)을 일으키는 기생선충이 다. 성충은 모세관과 같이 대단히 가늘고 길며, 충체의 앞부분에 는 stichosome (염주체) 및 bacillary band 등의 구조가 있다. 간모 세선충은 설치류를 주숙주로 하며, 여러 지역에서 채집된 야생 설치류에 거의 100% 감염률이 보고되었다. 자연계에 존재하는 감염형 자충포장란은 물과 음식에 포함되어 포유류에 감염된다. 감염된 성충은 충란을 배출한 뒤 간 조직 내에서 사멸하고, 죽은 충체와 충란은 간 조직에서 숙주 면역반응을 유발시킨다. 본 연구에서는 집쥐로부터 충란을 수집하여 마우스에 감염형 자충포장란을 감염시키고. 감염 7주 후에 간 조직에 포함되어 있 는 성충을 손상되지 않게 분리하였다. 분리된 간모세선충은 주사 전자현미경과 투과전자현미경을 이용하여 충체 표피의 미세구조 를 관찰하였다. 분리된 간모세선충은 길이가 약 99mm로 확인되었으며, 충체 의 표피에는 cuticle, bacillary band 등의 구조물이 관찰되었다. Bacillary band에는 여러 형태의 pore가 분포하였고, pore는 cuticle을 가로질러 존재하며, cap material의 존재 유무에 따라 bacillary pore의 형태적 차이가 나타났다. 간모세선충은 간 조직내에서 성장하는 특성을 가지고 있으므 로 손상되지 않도록 성충을 분리해 내기 어렵고, 이에 따라 충체 외부형태에 대한 연구가 용이하지 않았던 것으로 생각한다. 이러 한 간모세선충의 성충을 손상없이 분리하고, 표피의 미세구조를 확인함으로써 아직까지 연구가 이루어지지 않은 간모세선충을 포함한 선충류의 형태에 관한 연구에 중요한 기초자료가 될 것 으로 생각한다.
Abstract
Capillaria hepatica is a parasitic nematode which causes hepatic capillariasis in rodents and other mammals, including man. Rat species of the genus Rattus are main primary host and rates of genus Rattus of up to 100% have been reported. Infection to reservoir and other mammalian hosts occur incidentally due to ingestion of water or food contaminated with C. hepatica embryonated eggs. The worms mature exclusively inside the liver, but they die and disassemble soon after egg spawning in rats. Dead worms and their eggs cause immune response of focal necrosis and inflammation within the liver. C. hepatica adult with a thin and long body is similar to capillary. The members of Order Trichurida are characterized by having a stichosome and the bacillary bands in front of the body. As already mentioned, the adult C. hepatica resides in the liver, where it deposits groups of eggs, and finally die in the encapsulated tissue of the liver. They produce eggs that elicit a marked granulomatous reaction that eventually destroy the worms. And the adult worms were mixed with eggs. So the complete isolation of the worm and observation of intact ultrastructure is very difficult. In this study, integument structure of C. hepatica isolated from the liver of mouse at 7 weeks after inoculation of embryonated eggs were observed with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. As a results, body length of isolated C. hepatica was about 99 mm. Cuticle, bacillary band and bacillary pore were obtained in the integument of worm. Bacillary pore across cuticular surface of the worm were observed. According to the existence of cap material, external forms of bacillary pore can be divided into three types such as flat, ingression, and ingression with the cap material type. The complete isolation of the worm and observation of ultrastructure of integument will provide the fundamental data which is important in the nematode research including C. hepatica.
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