조선후기 사상사에 나타난 절대자와 개인의 관계 양상의 일단면*？ 동학의 성리학적 근거를 중심으로 ？

Abstract

The present study explored the Neo-Confucian ground, one of several factors that influenced the philosophy of Choi Je‐woo, the founder of Donghak. Choi Je‐woo(崔濟愚) suggested a downward direction for a transcendental god with personality called Sangje(上帝: the Lord of Heaven) to come down to individuals through the logic of Muwiyihwa (無爲而化; the change of non-doing) and a upward direction for individuals to approach the Absolute through the logic of Susimjeonggi (守心正氣 keeping mind and straightening vital energy). In addition, he introduced the Taoistic element called Yeongyak (靈藥: miraculous medicine). The researcher demonstrated that the basic motive of Sangje and Yeongyak was the influence of Nam Yong‐man(南龍萬), a Neo-Confucian who acted based on the Gyeongju area and showed the traditional sentiment. In addition, this study viewed that Muwiyihwa was handed down to Choi Je‐woo through Toigye Lee Hwang(退溪 李滉) – Lee Sang‐jeong(李象靖) – Choi Ok (崔옥(沃+玉): Choi Je‐woo’s father), and Susimjeonggi through Yulgok Lee Yi(栗谷 李珥) – Lee Gan(李柬) – Song Chi‐gyu(宋時烈) – Hong Jik‐pil(洪直弼) – Choi Rim(崔林; Choi Je‐woo’s teacher). After all, before Choi Je‐woo, there were Nam Yong‐man who represented the traditional sentiment, Choi Ok who succeeded to the tradition of Toigye’s school, and Choi Rim who succeeded to the tradition of Yulgok’s school in the Gyeongju area, and Choi Je‐woo integrated these logics and redefined the relation between the Absolute and individuals in the history of philosophy in the late Chosun Dynasty.