파주에서 발견된 16세기 미라 머리카락의 미세구조과보존상태에 관한 연구
Studies on the Preservative Condition and the Ultrastructure of Hair ofNewly Found Sixteenth Century Mummy in Paju
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참고문헌
초록
본 연구는 2002년 9월 묘 지 이 장 과 정 중 에 경 기 도 파주에서 발견된 여성미라 머리카락의 미세구조와 보존상태를 투과 및 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 16세기에만들어진 미라의 머리카락은 완벽한 상태로 관찰되었다.머리카락의 큐티클층과 피질 및 수질도 분해되거나 부서지지 않은 상태로 보존되어 있다. 큐티클층은 윤곽이 뚜렷하게 구별되는데 이 층은 6~ 7개의 큐티클세포들로 구성되어 있다. 각각의 큐티클세포는 세포사이막복합체에의해서 견고하게 부착되어 있다. 피질은 거대원섬유들에의해서 채워져 있으며 이들 사이에 멜라닌과립들이 산재되어 있다. 막대모양을 하고 있는 거대원섬유는 머리카락의 종축을 따라 평행하게 배열되어 있다. 특히, 피질에서멜라닌과립은 큐티클층과 인접한 부위에 집중적으로 분포되어 있다. 440년 동안 머리카락이 보존된 원인은 머리카락을 피복하고 있는 다양한 물질들에 의해서 일어났는데, 피복물질을 에너지분산분광분석기로 분석한 결과 칼슘성분이 검출되었다. 머리카락 표면을 덮고 있는 칼슘이온은 머리카락에 수분이나 미생물 등의 접촉을 억제하는 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The preservative condition and ultrastructure on the mummified hair collected from newly found femalemummy in Paju, were investigated by using scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The femalemummy was found in september, 2002 during the traditional reburial process for the buried ones. The hair of16th century mummy showed very intact appearances during observation with electron microscope. And thestructures of the cortex, medulla and cuticle were well preserved. The cuticle layer was easily discernable,which are composed of six to seven cuticular cells. Each cuticular cells surrounded and thus seperated from itsneighbors by intercellular membrane complex. In the cortex, many macrofibrils and some melanin granulesbetween them were observed. We observed well preserved rod form macrofibrils running parallel along thedirection of hair shaft. Especially, melanin granules were aggregated in the cortex which was adjacent to thecuticlu layer. As to the cause for the well-preservation of 440 year old hair sample, the presence of surfacecoat on the hair, which are composed of various materials. As calcium was included in the surface coat inElectron Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), the hardening process of the surface coat by calcium mightinhibit the water or microorganism infiltration into the hair.
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