Morphological Analysis of Blind-Side Hypermelanosis of the Starry Flounder, Platichthys stellatus during Early Development
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In Pleuronectiformes, blind-side malpigmentation (hypermelanosis) is common in cultured flatfishes, and iseconomically important. To understand the mechanism of blind-side hypermelanosis in flatfishes, we examined when themalpigmentation initially occurred, and studied how the symptoms proceeded during early development of the starry flounder,Platichthys stellatus. To assess quantitative pattern changes of blind-side skin, we observed morphological development of thewhole body from 22 (total length [TL] 10.0±0.2 mm and body weight [BW] 8.8±0.57 mg) to 110 days (TL 23.4±0.7 mm, BW193.6±23.3 mg) after hatching (DAH), and also examined the malpigmented area rate of blind-side skin and themalpigmented fish ratios. The experimental animals were reared in fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) tanks in water at atemperature of 18.9±1.9℃ and salinity of 32.6±0.6 psu and were fed with rotifer and Artemia nauplii from 22 to 48 DAH, andwith A. nauplii and commercial feed from 49 to 110 DAH. As results, the first staining patch seen by the naked eye wasobserved around the area between the anus and pelvic fin or caudal edge of the trunk at 80 DAH (TL 20.6±0.5 mm, BW112.5±8.8 mg). The pigmented area and the pigmented fish ratios were significantly increased from 80 to 110 DAH. Theseresults indicated that malpigmentation on the blind side of starry flounder was initially observed at about 2 cm in length and100 mg in weight, and the pigmented domain on the blind-side skin was continually broadened by the differentiation ofpigmented cells (melanophores and xanthophores) with growth.
Abstract
In Pleuronectiformes, blind-side malpigmentation (hypermelanosis) is common in cultured flatfishes, and iseconomically important. To understand the mechanism of blind-side hypermelanosis in flatfishes, we examined when themalpigmentation initially occurred, and studied how the symptoms proceeded during early development of the starry flounder,Platichthys stellatus. To assess quantitative pattern changes of blind-side skin, we observed morphological development of thewhole body from 22 (total length [TL] 10.0±0.2 mm and body weight [BW] 8.8±0.57 mg) to 110 days (TL 23.4±0.7 mm, BW193.6±23.3 mg) after hatching (DAH), and also examined the malpigmented area rate of blind-side skin and themalpigmented fish ratios. The experimental animals were reared in fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) tanks in water at atemperature of 18.9±1.9℃ and salinity of 32.6±0.6 psu and were fed with rotifer and Artemia nauplii from 22 to 48 DAH, andwith A. nauplii and commercial feed from 49 to 110 DAH. As results, the first staining patch seen by the naked eye wasobserved around the area between the anus and pelvic fin or caudal edge of the trunk at 80 DAH (TL 20.6±0.5 mm, BW112.5±8.8 mg). The pigmented area and the pigmented fish ratios were significantly increased from 80 to 110 DAH. Theseresults indicated that malpigmentation on the blind side of starry flounder was initially observed at about 2 cm in length and100 mg in weight, and the pigmented domain on the blind-side skin was continually broadened by the differentiation ofpigmented cells (melanophores and xanthophores) with growth.
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