비교문학 관점에서 본 영향과 수용의 문제: 하우사 현대문학의 탄생 과정을 중심으로

Abstract

This study integrated the influence and acceptance of external culture (literature) in Hausa literature with social and cultural contexts for understanding, and moreover examined them in the perspective of comparative literature. The question of influence and acceptance is a crucial research subject in comparative literature. This is due to the fact that the essence of comparative literature is to compare and study two cultures or works with different languages or two or more authors. This study goes beyond applying the existing research methodology of general literature about the aspect of aforementioned cultural (literary) combination of Hausa modern novels. By attempting research in the perspective of comparative literature that focuses on influence and acceptance, this study can concentrate more on covering the issue of influence and acceptance that inevitably accompanies the inflow of external culture (literature). The first Hausa novel was created due to the inflow of the Western colonial power and the effort of the British colonial officials to introduce Western novels. In the process, the Hausa literary artists who were not familiar with the techniques of the Western literature wrote novels depending on the most similar technique of Tatsuniya. Thus, the frame of fiction, which is a genre of Western literature, was combined with the elements of Hausa folktale, creating a new form of writing. This went through the periodical changes development, and finally settled as Hausa modern novel with complete form and content from mid‐1980s. Cultural combination due to the inflow and acceptance of external culture is a reasonable and natural phenomenon in cultural and literary aspects. This study examined the environment as well as historical and social background of Hausa literature, not just studying literary works or authors based on the perspective of comparative literature. It consequently introduced the development process of Hausa modern literature as the receiver. This breaks away from the tendency of giving superiority to the sender in the existing comparative literature and positions sender and receiver in an equal footing. It showed that comparison on equal terms instead of comparison of dominance can be done between sender and receiver by examining the development process of the sender Hausa modern literature.