고구려의 종족기원과 국가형성과정

Abstract

Koguryo Dynasty(高句麗) was established by Ye tribe(濊族) who was from Puyeo Dynasty(夫余) and Yemaek tribe(濊貊族) who already moved southward to the Bireusu(沸流水) region earlier than Ye tribe as well as Maek tribe(貊族) who was aboriginal in the middle of the Amrok River(鴨綠江). Among them, Maek played the most significant role in the founding of Koguryo for which reason they could be called as ‘Koguryo tribe(高句麗族)’. In the beginning of the 2nd century B.C., there was political power named ‘Kuryo’ in the middle of the Amrok River(鴨綠江). Koguryo tribe attacked Hyendo-gun(玄菟郡) in Hamheung(咸興) and drove them out to Sinbin(新賓). This was the second Hyendo-gun(玄菟郡). Hyendo-gun(玄菟郡) bestowed a court dress and official headgear to the leading classes in Koguryo individually and traded with them separately. And by doing so, they separated ‘Koguryo tribe’ and controlled them. However, as Chumong(朱蒙)’s Koguryo was established, the union within ‘Koguryo tribe’ consolidated, which made the segregation strategy of Han in controling ‘Koguryo tribe.’ lose its power. By the reign period of King Yuri(琉璃王), the relationship between Koguryo and Hyendo-gun was aggravated because of Wang Mang(王莽)’s mobilization of army, and Koguryo intensified attacks against Han. In the reign period of the next King Taemusin(大武神王), Koguryo compromised with Hyendo-gun(玄菟郡), and set up Ch’aekguru(幘溝漊) in the border of Koguryo. The relation between Koguryo and Hyendo-gun(玄菟郡) became unified under the supervision of the centralized government, and Koguryo sent an emissary directly to the Later Han(後漢). The tension between Koguryo and Hyendo-gun(玄菟郡) resumed in the reign period of the next King T'aejo(太祖王). From this time, Koguryo fought against Han outside the sphere of Hyendo-gun(玄菟郡), finally succeeding in driving out the Hyendo-gun(玄菟郡) to the Pusun(撫順) area. Therefore, Koguryo formed the state and stabilized in the reign periods of the three kings in the early stage, and from the King T’aejo(太祖王), it started to make full-fledged growth onwards.