孝宗대 정국변화와 災異 논의의 활용

Abstract

King Hyo-jong (孝宗, 1649-1659) tried to recover from the damage caused by the Manchu war of 1636 of and reorganize the country. It is known that natural disasters occurred frequently in the 17th century due to the ice age. And Reign of King Hyo-jong's occurrence of natural diststers also affected various parts of the political world. When analyzing the frequency of King Hyojong's records[孝宗實錄] through the log and The Diaries of the Royal Secretariat[承政院日記], The frequency of natural disasters`s records increased in 1652(孝宗 3) and 1657(孝宗 8), and decreased in 1655(孝宗 6). This reflects changes in the political situation. In the late Joseon Dynasty[朝鮮], realistic Zaiyi(災異, the natural disasters of the traditional era) became more important than symbolic, as the development of science stopped symbolic Zaiyi from representing power. Realistic Zaiyi also influenced the implementation of various policies, but he also played a role in opposing the policy. The incident, which relates to King Hyo-jong`s legitimacy, was a problem because the material punished a 'Eng-gi-sang-so(應旨上疏)' that should not be punished. This caused King Hyo-jong to conflict not only with the deities but also with the San-lim(山林). In this atmosphere, King Hyo-jong consistently argued The policy`s Subjugate the North(北伐論). But it was impossible to realize that The policy`s Subjugate the North was realistically, and the subjects had to stop it for a clear reason. One of the causes was the occurrence of Zaiyi. In Confucian society, the occurrence of Zaiyi was understood to be directly related to the depravity of the ruler, and the realistic damage of the Zaiyi was a big problem for Joseon Dynasty, which was an agrarian society. The subjects argued that policy cannot be implemented due to the occurrence of the Zaiyi, and that violent policy enforcement causes Zaiyi.