Dueling, Whitenesses, and Forms of Masculinity in Pudd’nhead Wilson and Those Extraordinary Twins
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For many years, law and technology, the apparatuses of racial domination and identification, have been dominant terms that inform various readings of Mark Twain’s Pudd’nhead Wilson. Reading Pudd’nhead in conjunction with its twin novella, Those Extraordinary Twins, this essay presents dueling as an overlooked, yet crucial trope that illuminates the late-nineteenth-century racial dynamics in America. Dueling is an antebellum institution of aristocratic violence characterized by the paradoxical merging of violence and civilization, courage and civility. In Pudd’nhead and Twins, however, Twain uses dueling in order to unfold the melodrama in which the Anglo-Americans in the late nineteenth century fashion their violent masculinity as normative and civilized. In Twain’s novellas, a mulatto and Italians are perceived to pose undetected threats to the authenticity of the F.F.Vs in Dawson’s Landing. This episode provides a historical analogue to the larger historical context in which Anglo-America feels increasingly threatened by those who look white, but are considered racially contaminated. Dueling in Twain’s novellas attests to how the Anglo-Saxons normatize themselves by rendering the populations of dubious whitenesses perverse (cowardly or criminal) in exercising violence. Ultimately, dueling shares a lot in common with lynching, an outbreak of extralegal racial violence in the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. Both of them are racialized forms of violence of honor that are rampant because of the perceived malfunctioning or imperfectness of legal justice. Both of them are the forms of necropower in which the Anglo-Saxon whites mythologize their masculinity.
Abstract
For many years, law and technology, the apparatuses of racial domination and identification, have been dominant terms that inform various readings of Mark Twain’s Pudd’nhead Wilson. Reading Pudd’nhead in conjunction with its twin novella, Those Extraordinary Twins, this essay presents dueling as an overlooked, yet crucial trope that illuminates the late-nineteenth-century racial dynamics in America. Dueling is an antebellum institution of aristocratic violence characterized by the paradoxical merging of violence and civilization, courage and civility. In Pudd’nhead and Twins, however, Twain uses dueling in order to unfold the melodrama in which the Anglo-Americans in the late nineteenth century fashion their violent masculinity as normative and civilized. In Twain’s novellas, a mulatto and Italians are perceived to pose undetected threats to the authenticity of the F.F.Vs in Dawson’s Landing. This episode provides a historical analogue to the larger historical context in which Anglo-America feels increasingly threatened by those who look white, but are considered racially contaminated. Dueling in Twain’s novellas attests to how the Anglo-Saxons normatize themselves by rendering the populations of dubious whitenesses perverse (cowardly or criminal) in exercising violence. Ultimately, dueling shares a lot in common with lynching, an outbreak of extralegal racial violence in the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. Both of them are racialized forms of violence of honor that are rampant because of the perceived malfunctioning or imperfectness of legal justice. Both of them are the forms of necropower in which the Anglo-Saxon whites mythologize their masculinity.
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