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토니 모리슨의 『홈』에 나타난 흑인의 사회적 위치와 삶: 공간을 중심으로

African Americans’ Social Status and Life in Toni Morrison’s Home: Focusing on Space

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This essay explores how Toni Morrison’s 2012 novel Home engages with racial problems rampant in American society in the 1950s through her novelistic representations of spaces. The argument is that Morrison attests to the possibility for African Americans to establish their own space as well as their independent life. With a particular focus on Morrison’s configurations of urban spaces in the 1950’s, this essay illustrates the way in which this historically specific black experience—lived and embodied—is indissociable from the history of violence and systematic discrimination. This paper examines social problems, racial discrimination and housing policy, against African Americans through their experience within the U.S. society. Focusing on the journey of a young war veteran Frank Money throughout big cities, it becomes manifest that Black Americans are aware of racial discrimination and realize their social status through spaces, especially where they are located separately due to their race. Also, it is revealed that living space, home has been considered as a site to reveal their precariousness. At the end, however, the novel offers the possibility of hope that Black Americans gain subjectivity in black space as showing Frank and Cee recreate their home.

Abstract

This essay explores how Toni Morrison’s 2012 novel Home engages with racial problems rampant in American society in the 1950s through her novelistic representations of spaces. The argument is that Morrison attests to the possibility for African Americans to establish their own space as well as their independent life. With a particular focus on Morrison’s configurations of urban spaces in the 1950’s, this essay illustrates the way in which this historically specific black experience—lived and embodied—is indissociable from the history of violence and systematic discrimination. This paper examines social problems, racial discrimination and housing policy, against African Americans through their experience within the U.S. society. Focusing on the journey of a young war veteran Frank Money throughout big cities, it becomes manifest that Black Americans are aware of racial discrimination and realize their social status through spaces, especially where they are located separately due to their race. Also, it is revealed that living space, home has been considered as a site to reveal their precariousness. At the end, however, the novel offers the possibility of hope that Black Americans gain subjectivity in black space as showing Frank and Cee recreate their home.

참고문헌 (15)

  1. 진주영, "한국전쟁과 장애 서사: 제인 앤 필립스의 『라크와 터마이트』 , 토니 모리슨의 『고향』과 창래 리의 『항복한 자』를 중심으로", 미국소설, 23(3), pp.63~88 (2016), 미국소설학회
  2. Davis, Thadious, "Southscapes: Geographies of Race, Region & Literature" (2011), U of North Carolina P
  3. hooks, bell, "Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics" (1990), South End Press
  4. Lipsitz, George, "The Racialization of Space and the Spatialization of Race", Landscape Journal, 26(1), pp.1~15 (2007)
  5. Massey, Doreen, "Space, Place and Gender" (1994), U of Minnesota P
  6. Montgomery, Maxine, "Re-membering the Forgotten War: Memory, History, and the Body in Toni Morrison’s Home", College Language Association, 55(3), pp.320~334 (2012)
  7. Morrison, Toni, "Home" (2012), Vintage Books
  8. Morrison, Toni, "The House that Race Built", pp.2~12 (1998), Vintage Books
  9. Morrison, Toni, "Inventing the Truth: The Art and Craft of Memoir", pp.90~124 (1987), Houghton Mifflin
  10. Schreiber, Evelyn Jaffe, "Race, Trauma, and Home in the Novels of Toni Morrison" (2013), Louisiana State UP
  11. Sibley, David, "Geographies of Exclusion: Society and Difference in the West" (1995), Routledge
  12. Sullivan, Shannon, "The Problems of Resistance: Studies in Alternate Political Cultures", pp.87~104 (2001), Humanity Books
  13. Wright, Richard, "Native Son" (2005), Harper Perennial
  14. Yancy, George, "Black Bodies, White Gazes" (2008), Rowman & Littlefield Publishing

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