입체조형 활동을 중심으로 한 집단미술치료가 한부모 가정 아동의 자기효능감에 미치는 효과

Abstract

This study examined effects of group art therapy utilizing three-dimensional art activities on improving the self-efficacy of single parent children. Among 4th to 6th grade single parent children attending a local community center in city H, Gyongsangbuk-do, 16 students whose self-efficacy scores were below 60 were selected to be the participants of this study. They were assigned randomly to the experimental group of 8 and control group of 8. The experimental group received a total of 20 sessions, each session 70 to 80 minutes, twice a week from July 5, 2010 to September 23rd, 2010. The instrument for this study was Han's (2002) self-efficacy scale modified to measure the self-efficacy of elementary school children from an original self-efficacy scale measuring general self-efficacy. The pre, post, and follow-up test of self-efficacy were administered to both the experimental and control group. The data were computed for a repeated measures analysis of variance on SPSS WIN program (version 12.0). The findings of this study are as follows. First, group art therapy utilizing three dimensional art activities was effective on improving the self-efficacy of single parent children, the effect of which was also found in the follow-up test. In addition, self-efficacy sub-categories such as Self-confidence, Self-control efficacy, Assignment difficulty revealed positive effects of the therapy, the effect of which was also found in the follow-up test. Second, an observation of the participants' behavior to detect any change in self-efficacy revealed self-efficacy improvement as the phases of the therapy progressed. Upon the ending phase compared with the beginning phase, the participants became confident, gave presentations actively, and were very proud of their works.