現代漢語副词“都”、“全”和上海話副词“儕”的比较
Comparison of Modern Chinese Adverb ‘dou (都)/quan (全)’ and Shanghai Dialect Adverb ‘ze (儕)’
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This paper discusses the usage of the modern Chinese adverb ‘dou/quan (都/全)’ and Shanghai dialect ‘ze (侪)’ and some related issues. Through comparison, we find that the ‘ze (侪)’ of Shanghai dialect mean the inclusion meaning, which corresponds to the adverbs ‘quan (全)’ and ‘dou (都)’ of Mandarin, but it is more similar to the ‘dou1’ of modern Chinese. And they all require the object to be collectively be plural Forms, placed mostly on their left. The ‘ze (侪)’ of Shanghai dialect does not have the usage of ‘dou2’ and ‘dou3’, so when expressing ‘dou2’ and ‘dou3’, Shanghai dialect chooses other words. According to the perspective of cognitive linguistics view scanning function, we think that the ‘ze (侪)’ of Shanghai dialect is a ‘sequential scanning’ when it is the general meaning of ‘all’, if it expresses ‘already’ at the time, the ‘summary scanning’ method is used, so it is often matched with a time noun that express time. At same time, we also find that when ‘dou (都)’ and ‘quan (全)’ are used to modify the ‘one-quantifier-noun’ structure, the sentences may have different interpretations because the modifier nouns are definite or indefinite, and whether the verbs can be independently completed. In short, the adverb ‘dou/quan (都/全)’ and Shanghai dialect ‘ze (侪)’ have many common factors, but there are also some different places, which reflects that the dialect under the standard language retains its own characteristics, As time goes by, slowly approaching the standard language.
Abstract
This paper discusses the usage of the modern Chinese adverb ‘dou/quan (都/全)’ and Shanghai dialect ‘ze (侪)’ and some related issues. Through comparison, we find that the ‘ze (侪)’ of Shanghai dialect mean the inclusion meaning, which corresponds to the adverbs ‘quan (全)’ and ‘dou (都)’ of Mandarin, but it is more similar to the ‘dou1’ of modern Chinese. And they all require the object to be collectively be plural Forms, placed mostly on their left. The ‘ze (侪)’ of Shanghai dialect does not have the usage of ‘dou2’ and ‘dou3’, so when expressing ‘dou2’ and ‘dou3’, Shanghai dialect chooses other words. According to the perspective of cognitive linguistics view scanning function, we think that the ‘ze (侪)’ of Shanghai dialect is a ‘sequential scanning’ when it is the general meaning of ‘all’, if it expresses ‘already’ at the time, the ‘summary scanning’ method is used, so it is often matched with a time noun that express time. At same time, we also find that when ‘dou (都)’ and ‘quan (全)’ are used to modify the ‘one-quantifier-noun’ structure, the sentences may have different interpretations because the modifier nouns are definite or indefinite, and whether the verbs can be independently completed. In short, the adverb ‘dou/quan (都/全)’ and Shanghai dialect ‘ze (侪)’ have many common factors, but there are also some different places, which reflects that the dialect under the standard language retains its own characteristics, As time goes by, slowly approaching the standard language.
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