元代 水滸雜劇의 민중적 웃음

Abstract

The character texts of the Yuan Dynasty’s Zaju were able to secure the characteristics of the laughter of the folk culture that inherited the oral tradition. It is a popular laughter that plays a role that binds the audience and the creator in the Yuan Dynasty’s Zaju. Yuan Dynasty’s Zaju has the principle of one man who sings only with the protagonist, and the protagonist gives a wide laugh through the song. In addition to dialogue between the characters, Zaju used monologues or ambassadors, and often used comical comics. Since there is no specific instruction for the movement in the text of Yuan Dynasty’s Zaju, including the ShuihuZaju, it depends on the actors’ acting ability. ShuihuZaju is accompanied by humorous movements along with songs and lines, creating laughter in Yuan Dynasty’s Zaju, a comprehensive art. In Yuan Dynasty’s Zaju, which relies only on the word of mouth, all events proceed in the order in which they occurred, and it is difficult to reversible the time of occurrence. Therefore, Yuan Dynasty’s Zaju adopted self-introduction as one of the genre norms and provided all prior information to the audience. So, although the audience is already grasping the situation, the characters only have less information than the audience, and this leads to dramatic tension and irony, resulting in a laugh that flips back and forth. The confrontation between the righteous and the villain is the driving force that leads the play. At this time, the righteous and the villain equally express their voices to each other while playing a fun game with swear words and praise, making the audience laugh. In addition, ShuihuZaju does not directly expose the truth about corrupt power, but makes power itself ridiculous by asking to see the corruption of power. The end of the ShuihuZaju kills the evil one and feasts, a triumph of life over death and a delightful ending celebrating a new beginning.