Plato’s doctrine of order and harmony in bodies, souls, cities and the universe: the way into philosophy
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This paper present the analogical scheme through which Plato organises the unity of all sciences and its importance for philosophy. All science and practice is about knowing, producing or taking care of an order (táxis, kósmos). Each thing thatcan be known, taken care of and modified, that is, everything that exists in the universe, including the universe itself, can somehow be described as subjected to the possibility of both chaos and harmony. This is an affinity Plato considers as an essential preliminary object of knowledge for anyone who wants to practice philosophy, because order and harmony can be further described as the mixture or structure that makes every being be whatever it is. Order and harmony are the effect of the participation of all well made things to the Good itself. Craftsmen produce this participation in everything they make or take care of, and the philosopher learns from them that all things show this kind of inner structure. Order and harmony are the underlying structure of reality.
Abstract
This paper present the analogical scheme through which Plato organises the unity of all sciences and its importance for philosophy. All science and practice is about knowing, producing or taking care of an order (táxis, kósmos). Each thing thatcan be known, taken care of and modified, that is, everything that exists in the universe, including the universe itself, can somehow be described as subjected to the possibility of both chaos and harmony. This is an affinity Plato considers as an essential preliminary object of knowledge for anyone who wants to practice philosophy, because order and harmony can be further described as the mixture or structure that makes every being be whatever it is. Order and harmony are the effect of the participation of all well made things to the Good itself. Craftsmen produce this participation in everything they make or take care of, and the philosopher learns from them that all things show this kind of inner structure. Order and harmony are the underlying structure of reality.